Computing β-diversity from species-area curves

Ricotta, Carlo; Carranza, María Laura; Avena, Giancarlo

doi:10.1078/1439-1791-00082

Cited by 61 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Dissimilaritybased measures (such as β sim , Koleff et al 2003b) are independent of differences in sample size, but they require primary sample-based species data, which are not always available from published papers. Therefore, we quantified β diversity as the slope of the sample-based SAC (in double log-log space), as first proposed by Cody (1975) (see also Ricotta et al 2002, Azovsky 2011. Unlike many other indices, this method appears to be rather independent of the sample size and sampling effort.…”

Section: Diversity Estimationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broad-scale patterns in local diversity of marine benthic harpacticoid copepods (Crustacea)

Azovsky¹,

Garlitska²,

Chertoprud³

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The α and β diversity of benthic harpacticoids were estimated using 103 published datasets from all over the world, with depths ranging from the intertidal zone to 5600 m. α diversity (expected number of species per 100 individuals) was correlated with organic matter flux to the bottom, and this effect was depth-dependent, with the correlation being negative from the shallowest waters up to 33 m and positive in deeper waters. α diversity was also positively correlated with depth itself and depended on the sediment properties and duration of study, but showed no latitudinal trend. β diversity (estimated as the slope of the species accumulation curve) was negatively correlated with latitude and positively correlated with the spatial extent and depth range of sampling. The effect of latitude and extent was mainly pronounced for the intertidal zone, whereas the depth range was the most significant factor in the deep waters. Additionally, β diversity was higher on sands and mixed sediments than on silt or mud. Latitude explained 45% of the β diversity variation in the littoral zone, 18% in the upper sublittoral, and less than 5% in deeper zones. Thus, α and β diversity act as independent and spatially uncorrelated components of overall regional diversity, driven by different mechanisms. Variations in β diversity presumably reflect spatial heterogeneity and form the latitudinal gradient in the shallowest waters. Deeper, trophic conditions play the leading role, and thus α diversity contributes the major proportion of the total diversity variance there and is responsible for the bathymetric gradient.KEY WORDS: Harpacticoida · α diversity · β diversity · Latitude · Depth · Productivity Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 460: [63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77] 2012 the equator has been observed for some groups, e.g. foraminiferans (Culver & Buzas 2000) or marine macrobenthos (Rex et al. 1993, Gray 2002. Nevertheless, comprehensive meta-analysis does not show any consistent differences between hemispheres, despite some variations among the oceans (Hillebrand 2004). The strength of the gradient varies systematically with body mass across organism groups, generally decreasing or even vanishing for the smallest organisms (Hillebrand & Azovsky 2001, Hillebrand 2004. For macrofauna, latitudinal patterns are not identical, however. Some of regional studies have failed to detect this pattern (e.g. peaks in diversity at midlatitude in both Atlantic and Pacific gastropods, Roy et al. 1998); or even showed regionally opposite trends (Renaud et al. 2009 and references therein). It is unclear whether these differences are caused by regional peculiarities or by the restricted geographical range of stations sampled (Renaud et al. 2009). Furthermore, regional diversity shows consistently stronger and steeper latitudinal gradients than local (α) diversity (Clarke & Lidgard 2000, Hillebrand 2004, thus posing the question of systematic varia...

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Section: Diversity Estimationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broad-scale patterns in local diversity of marine benthic harpacticoid copepods (Crustacea)

Azovsky¹,

Garlitska²,

Chertoprud³

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…The mean dissimilarity represents the expected difference in species composition between a randomly chosen pair of plots (Vellend 2001, Ricotta et al 2002. The lower difference in the ancient Quercion forests could be interpreted as successional convergence.…”

Section: Changes In Community Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Herbaceous plant community structure of ancient and recent forests in two contrasting forest types

Verheyen

Bossuyt

Honnay

et al. 2003

Basic and Applied Ecology

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It has already been extensively documented that major floristic differences between ancient and recent temperate broad-leaved forests exist. Hence, the question raises whether the herb layer community structure and organization of ancient and recent forests also differs and whether these differences are the same in productive vs. unproductive forest types? Therefore, we selected 127 relevés situated in productive Alno-Padion forests and 69 relevés situated in less productive Quercion forests out of a larger data-set containing 640 relevés from northern Belgium. The plots differed with respect to land use history but it was assured that no covariation between land use history on the one hand, and soil texture, soil drainage and canopy composition on the other occurred. In both forest types, about 30% of the studied species exhibited an association with either ancient or recent forests. Persistent differences between ancient and recent forests in life-form spectra in general and in the number and abundance of geophytes in particular were found as well. Few changes in the community structure of productive Alno-Padion forests were observed after 70 years of recovery. Only in the youngest Alno-Padion forests (i.e. < 70 years) species numbers and total cover of the herb layer were lower and co-occurrence patterns did not differ from random. In general, community recovery appeared to be slower in unproductive Quercion forests. Species numbers, species abundance distributions, species co-occurrence patterns and plot dissimilarity still changed after 120 years. The persistent differences in both communities can be explained by the strong dispersal limitation of many of the involved species, but in the Quercion forests recovery is probably also severely hampered by establishment limitation.Es wurde bereits ausführlich dokumentiert, dass größere floristische Unterschiede zwischen sehr alten und jüngeren gemäßigten Laubwäldern existieren. Daher stellt sich die Frage, ob sich die Lebensgemeinschaftsstruktur und -organisation der Krautschicht ebenfalls unterscheidet und ob diese Unterschiede die gleichen bei produktiven vs. unproduktiven Waldtypen sind? Deshalb wählten wir aus einem größeren Datensatz, der 640 Aufnahmen aus dem nördlichen Belgien enthält, 127 Aufnahmen, die in produktiven Alno-Padion-Wäldern lagen, und 69 Aufnahmen, die in weniger produktiven Quercion-Wäldern lagen. Die Probeflächen unterschieden sich bezüglich der Landnutzungsgeschichte, aber es wurde sichergestellt, dass keine Kovarianz zwischen der Landnutzungsgeschichte auf der einen Seite und der Bodenstruktur, der Bodenentwässerung und der Blätterdachstruktur auf der anderen Seite bestand. In beiden Waldtypen zeigten ungefähr 30% der untersuchten Arten eine Assoziation entweder mit sehr alten oder jüngeren Wäldern. Nachhaltige Unterschiede zwischen sehr alten und jüngeren Wäldern wurden ebenfalls bei den Lebensform-

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“…As a result, these streams are typically inhabited by low numbers of species, which is in accordance with ecological theory of species-area relationships (e.g. MacArthur and Wilson, 1967;Borda de Água et al, 2002;Ricotta et al, 2002). In this study, 3-5 species were recorded in the small upland streams (within Mountain, North, and South regions), a number which can increased up to 10 species in river sites with medium to large drainage area (particularly in the lowland groups).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 67%

Fish-based groups for ecological assessment in rivers: the importance of environmental drivers on taxonomic and functional traits of fish assemblages

Matono

Formigo

Almeida

et al. 2012

Knowl. Managt. Aquatic Ecosyst.

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The use of river-types is of practical value, serving as groups for which assessment procedures can be developed and applied. An abiotic typology was set by the Portuguese Water Agency, mainly based on 6 major morphoclimatic regions. However, to be biologically meaningful, this typology should fit the distribution patterns of the biological quality elements communities proposed in Water Framework Directive under the lowest possible human pressure. This study aimed to identify and characterize fish-based geographical groups for continental Portugal and their environmental and geographical discriptors, using taxonomic and functional traits. Sampling took place between 2004 and 2006 during Spring. Fish fauna from 155 reference sites was analysed using a multivariate approach. Cluster Analysis on fish composition identified 10 fish-groups, expressing a clear correspondence to the river basin level, due to the restrict basin distribution of many species. Groups showed a wider aggregation in 4 regions with a larger geographical correspondence, statistically supported by Similarity Analysis, both on fish composition and mostly on fish metrics/guilds. Principal Components Analysis revealed major environmental drivers associated to fish-groups and fish-regions. Fish-groups were hierarchically grouped over major and local regions, expressing a large-scale response to a North-South environmental gradient defined by temperature, precipitation, mineralization and altitude, and a regional scale response mainly to drainage area and flow discharge. From North to South, fish-regions were related to the morphoclimatic regions. Results contributed to reduce redundance in abiotic river-types and set the final typology for Portuguese rivers, constituting a fundamental tool for planning and managing water resources.

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Computing β-diversity from species-area curves

Cited by 61 publications

References 22 publications

Broad-scale patterns in local diversity of marine benthic harpacticoid copepods (Crustacea)

Broad-scale patterns in local diversity of marine benthic harpacticoid copepods (Crustacea)

Herbaceous plant community structure of ancient and recent forests in two contrasting forest types

Fish-based groups for ecological assessment in rivers: the importance of environmental drivers on taxonomic and functional traits of fish assemblages

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