Concentrated Arabinoxylan but Not Concentrated β-Glucan in Wheat Bread Has Similar Effects on Postprandial Insulin as Whole-Grain Rye in Porto-arterial Catheterized Pigs

Christensen, Kirstine L; Hedemann, Mette Skou; Lærke, Helle Nygaard; Jørgensen, Henry; Mutt, Shivaprakash Jagalur; Knudsen, Knud Erik Bach

doi:10.1021/jf400965j

Cited by 28 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…However, AX (Ara/Xyl = 0.8) did not attenuate postprandial glucose response in healthy human adults [6]. Pigs fed on white bread supplemented with AXs had a reduced net glucose flux compared to pigs fed on white bread [29]. The absence of detailed chemical composition and structures makes it difficult to compare the results on effectiveness of AX [22].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiglycemic Effect of Water Extractable Arabinoxylan from Wheat Aleurone and Bran

Malunga

Izydorczyk²,

Beta

2017

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

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The studies on the effects of arabinoxylan (AX) polysaccharides on postprandial glucose response have resulted in contrasting results owing to the diversity in AX structures. Four water extractable AX (WEAX) extracts obtained from wheat aleurone and bran were used to investigate (a) the effect of AX on activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, (b) influence of AX chemical composition on their inhibition potency, and (c) kinetics of enzyme inhibition. α-Amylase activity was not significantly affected by the presence WEAX fractions regardless of type or concentration. WEAX inhibited α-glucosidase activity only when maltose was used as a substrate but not sucrose. The IC50 values of WEAX (4.88 ± 0.3–10.14 ± 0.5 mg/mL) were highly correlated to ferulic acid content (R = −0.89), arabinose to xylose ratio (R = −0.67), and relative proportions of xylose being unsubstituted (R = 0.69), disubstituted (R = −0.63), and monosubstituted (R = −0.76). The Lineweaver–Burk plot suggested an uncompetitive enzyme inhibition mode. Thus, our results suggest that antiglycemic properties of WEAX may be derived from direct inhibition of α-glucosidase activity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiglycemic Effect of Water Extractable Arabinoxylan from Wheat Aleurone and Bran

Malunga

Izydorczyk²,

Beta

2017

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

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“…The BG bread was not found to reduce glucose absorption due to degradation of the BG content in the small intestine of the pigs, which was found in the study with ileal-cannulated pigs ( 19 ) . Glycaemic index measurements from human subjects with the metabolic syndrome ( 31 ) and quantitative glucose measurements from catheterised pigs ( 32 ) have shown similar reductions in glucose absorption but only significant for the AX bread. The LC-MS data were only semi-quantitative, but the data seemed to mimic the quantitative results, which may validate the metabolomics method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A metabolomics approach used to profile plasma from portal–arterial pigs revealed differences between breads incurred by dietary fibre and protein contents

et al. 2014

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A liquid chromatography–MS (LC-MS) metabolomics analysis of plasma from portal–arterial catheterised pigs fed breads prepared with whole-grain rye or wheat flour with added concentrated arabinoxylan (AX) or β-glucan (BG) was conducted. Comparison of the effects of concentrated fibres with whole grains has received little attention. Six female catheterised pigs were given two white wheat breads with wheat AX or oat BG, two rye breads with ground rye (GR) or intact rye kernels (RK), and a control white wheat bread (WF) on separate occasions in a randomised cross-over design. The amount of available carbohydrate was similar for the five breads but varied in the content of protein. Plasma was collected continuously for 4 h after feeding. Glucose levels in the portal vein were reduced postprandially in response to the AX, GR and RK breads that had high contents of AX compared with WF bread (P < 0·03). AX and RK breads further tended to decrease plasma levels of some lysophosphatidylcholine species (P ≤ 0·10). The abundance of amino acids in plasma correlated with the protein contents in the breads and leucine uptake significantly affected insulin secretion in the mesenteric artery. In conclusion, the present study revealed that concentrated AX in wheat bread had similar positive effects as whole-grain rye bread on glucose and lipid metabolism.

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“…In order to understand mechanisms behind these physiological processes, simple test meals comprised of a few components were initially devised and fed to humans and animals. The test meals have since become more representative and nutrient specific, looking at the effects of certain fats, starches, proteins and DFs, including an array of SDF (Christensen et al, 2013;Le Gall et al, 2009;Nielsen et al, 2014;Souza da Silva et al, 2014).…”

Section: Soluble Dietary Fibre and The Digestion Of Macronutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the purpose of this study a soluble fraction of arabinoxylan was used. The use of soluble fractions of wheat arabinoxylan has been previously documented with regards to fermentable properties and postprandial glucose responses (Christensen et al, 2013;Lu, Gibson, et al, 2000;Lu, Walker, et al, 2000). A whole wheat grain ( Figure 2) can be broken down into three component layers that have different nutritional attributes.…”

Section: Dietary Source Of Arabinoxylan β-Glucan and Pectinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the general conclusions suggest that the consumption of SDF-rich foods is inversely related to developing certain diseases and cancers, improved weight management and blood cholesterol (Anderson et al, 2009;Brown et al, 1999;Fardet, 2010;Fonseca Wald et al, 2014;Gemen et al, 2011;Gunness & Gidley, 2010;Howarth et al, 2001;Jonnalagadda et al, 2011;Park et al, 2011;Queenan et al, 2007;Shelat et al, 2010;Slavin, 2004;Wilfart, Montagne, Simmins, van Milgen, et al, 2007). Health benefits are thought to arise from, for example, a change in the rate of digestion and absorption of nutrients, potentially due to increased gastric retention time, increased viscosity in the small intestine thereby altering the digestion of macronutrients in the small intestine (Christensen et al, 2013).…”

Section: Health Benefits Associated With Arabinoxylan β-Glucan and Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of soluble dietary fibre on elements of digestive physiology

Pluschke¹

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Large scale epidemiological studies have shown that the consumption of whole cereal grains, fruits and vegetables is negatively associated with all-cause mortality and a decreased risk of developing metabolic syndrome conditions such as insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases. Despite strong correlations between the consumption of whole cereal grains, fruits and vegetables and health, there is limited understanding of the underlying physiological mechanisms that explain the beneficial effects on health. Dietary fibre (DF) is the major non-digestible (in the small intestine) fraction of cereal grains, fruits and vegetables and has been associated with nutritional and health benefits such as an improved blood lipid profile, glycaemic control, diversity and activity of gut microbiota and alterations to rates of passage such as increased gastric retention time. 1968 unless a period of embargo has been approved by the Dean of the Graduate School.

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Concentrated Arabinoxylan but Not Concentrated β-Glucan in Wheat Bread Has Similar Effects on Postprandial Insulin as Whole-Grain Rye in Porto-arterial Catheterized Pigs

Cited by 28 publications

References 48 publications

Antiglycemic Effect of Water Extractable Arabinoxylan from Wheat Aleurone and Bran

Antiglycemic Effect of Water Extractable Arabinoxylan from Wheat Aleurone and Bran

A metabolomics approach used to profile plasma from portal–arterial pigs revealed differences between breads incurred by dietary fibre and protein contents

The impact of soluble dietary fibre on elements of digestive physiology

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