Concentrating Solar Collectors

Rabl, Ari

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-9951-3_8

Cited by 33 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In comparison, the specific water productivity (SWP) assesses the water production performance and takes into consideration environment (e.g., insolation). It describes the water production rate ( ṁ p ) per unit aperture area of the solar collector ( A ap = A · C ) . SWP can be derived by considering solar-to-heat conversion efficiency and combining eq and eq : S W P = I s h f g · η c · η t · G O R …”

Section: Water Production and Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenges and Roadmap for Solar-Thermal Desalination

Zheng,

Cáceres González,

Hatzell

et al. 2023

ACS EST Eng.

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Decarbonizing desalination systems requires combining renewable energy technologies with desalination systems. Solar thermal desalination, which combines a thermal desalination system (e.g., distillation, multistage flash, etc.) with a concentrated solar system is attractive in geographic regions with an abundance of saline water and solar energy. However, the high economic cost and low efficiency limits its adoption. This review provides an overview of the techno-economic, materials, and performance challenges that need to be overcome to realize solar-desalination. The review describes the four most prominent pathways for overcoming thermodynamic and cost limitations present in current systems. Specifically, methodologies and approaches such as direct solar evaporation structures, low-cost thermal energy storage, solar cogeneration schemes for power and desalination, and solar hybrid desalination are discussed. These strategies can enable solar thermal desalination technologies that are resilient to intermittent solar energy.

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Section: Water Production and Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It describes the water production rate (ṁp) per unit aperture area of the solar collector (A ap = A • C). 71 SWP can be derived by considering solar-to-heat conversion efficiency and combining eq 1 and eq 3:…”

Section: ■ Water Production and Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Roadmap for Solar-Thermal Desalination

Zheng,

Cáceres González,

Hatzell

et al. 2023

ACS EST Eng.

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show abstract

“…The reflectors are modeled specularly reflecting with reflectivity of 0.9, corresponding to the solar reflectance of pure polished aluminum [18]. Errors in the orientation of the reflector surface normal vector are modeled as randomly distributed over the reflector surface with a Rayleigh probability density function with mode m θ .…”

Section: Monte Carlo Ray-tracing Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and numerical characterization of a new 45 kW_el multisource high-flux solar simulator

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The performance of a new high-flux solar simulator consisting of 18 × 2.5 kW el radiation modules has been evaluated. Grayscale images of the radiative flux distribution at the focus are acquired for each module individually using a water-cooled Lambertian target plate and a CCD camera. Raw images are corrected for dark current, normalized by the exposure time and calibrated with local absolute heat flux measurements to produce radiative flux maps with 180 µm resolution. The resulting measured peak flux is 1.0-1.5 ± 0.2 MW m −2 per radiation module and 21.7 ± 2 MW m −2 for the sum of all 18 radiation modules. Integrating the flux distribution for all 18 radiation modules over a circular area of 5 cm diameter yields a mean radiative flux of 3.8 MW m −2 and an incident radiative power of 7.5 kW. A Monte Carlo ray-tracing simulation of the simulator is calibrated with the experimental results. The agreement between experimental and numerical results is characterized in terms of a 4.2% difference in peak flux and correlation coefficients of 0.9990 and 0.9995 for the local and mean radial flux profiles, respectively. The best-fit simulation parameters include the lamp efficiency of 39.4% and the mirror surface error of 0.85 mrad. suns high-flux solar simulator based on an array of xenon arc lamps,"

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“…The first is a twodimensional lens array acting as the upward facing aperture to collect incident solar radiation. Each lens forms a demagnified image of the solar disk which subtends ±0.26° (4.7mrad) 13 .…”

Section: Micro-optic Slab Concentratormentioning

confidence: 99%

Planar micro-optic solar concentration using multiple imaging lenses into a common slab waveguide

Karp

Ford

2009

SPIE Proceedings

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Conventional CPV systems focus sunlight directly onto a PV cell, usually through a non-imaging optic to avoid hot spots. In practice, many systems use a shared tracking platform to mount multiple smaller aperture lenses, each concentrating light into an associated PV cell. Scaling this approach to the limit would result in a thin sheet-like geometry. This would be ideal in terms of minimizing the tracking system payload, especially since such thin sheets can be arranged into louvered strips to minimize wind-force loading. However, simply miniaturizing results in a large number of individual PV cells, each needed to be packaged, aligned, and electrically connected. Here we describe for the first time a different optical system approach to solar concentrators, where a thin lens array is combined with a shared multimode waveguide. The benefits of a thin optical design can therefore be achieved with an optimum spacing of the PV cells. The guiding structure is geometrically similar to luminescent solar concentrators, however, in micro-optic waveguide concentrators sunlight is coupled directly into the waveguide without absorption or wavelength conversion. This opens a new design space for high-efficiency CPV systems with the potential for cost reduction in both optics and tracking mechanics. In this paper, we provide optical design and preliminary experimental results of one implementation specifically intended to be compatible with large-scale roll processing. Here the waveguide is a uniform glass sheet, held between the lens array and a corresponding array of micro-mirrors self-aligned to each lens focus during fabrication.

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Concentrating Solar Collectors

Cited by 33 publications

References 56 publications

Challenges and Roadmap for Solar-Thermal Desalination

Challenges and Roadmap for Solar-Thermal Desalination

Experimental and numerical characterization of a new 45 kW_el multisource high-flux solar simulator

Planar micro-optic solar concentration using multiple imaging lenses into a common slab waveguide

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