“…The Er 3+ ion activator is the luminescence center of the UC particles, while the sensitizer enhances the UC luminescence efficiency [7][8][9] Recently, rare earth activated MR 2 (MoO 4 ) 4 (M = Ba, Sr, Ca; R = La, Gd, Y) has attracted great attention because of the its spectroscopic characteristics and excellent upconversion photoluminescence properties. Several processes have been developed to prepare these rare-earth-doped double molybdates, including solid-state reactions [9][10][11][12][13][14], co-precipitation [15,16], the sol-gel method [4][5][6][7], the hydrothermal method [17,18], the Pechini method [19,20], organic gel-thermal decomposition [21], and the microwave-assisted hydrothermal method [22]. For practical application of UC photoluminescence in products such as lasers, three-dimensional displays, light-emitting devices, and biological detectors, features such as the homogeneous UC particle size distribution and morphology need to be well defined.…”