Concentration, distribution, and fractionation of metals in the filter material of 29 bioretention facilities: a field study

Furén, Robert; Österlund, Heléne; Winston, Ryan J.; Tirpak, R. Andrew; Dorsey, Jay D.; Smith, Janet; Viklander, Maria; Blecken, Godecke-Tobias

doi:10.1039/d2ew00823h

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 45 publications

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“…However, there was no significant difference (pairwise Wilcoxon; Table S7) between the concentrations when moving from D1 to D2 and from D2 to D3 for most PFASs. In many biofilters but specifically for sites #3, #6, and #7 with relatively higher loading rates, i.e., smaller FA/CA ratios (Table S1), D2 had higher concentrations than D1 for most quantified PFASs, likely due to more frequent saturated flow conditions and greater ponding hydraulic head which result in decreasing contact time, removing/collapsing the AWIs, preventing air–water interfacial accumulation, and/or potentially remobilizing AWI-retained PFAS fractions from the superficial layer. ,, Although the highest PFAS concentrations were often found in the upper layers, results indicate that PFASs penetrated deeper into biofilter media, aligning with results from sand column studies on PFAS transport/removals. , This finding contrasted with the retention patterns documented for other more hydrophobic OMPs, such as PAHs and PCBs, as well as metals and microplastics, which mostly accumulate in the upper 5 cm of biofilters. ,,,− In eight biofilters, greater PFAS concentrations were observed closer to the inlet (L1) compared with L2 (Figures S6 and S7). However, similar to a study by Furén et al on other OMPs accumulated in biofilter facilities in Ohio, Michigan, and Kentucky, the distance from the inlet (L1 vs L2) was generally not a significant factor in the accumulation of most PFASs (except for PFDS and PFTeDA, which demonstrated a significant decreasing trend along the flow path probably due to their higher hydrophobicity).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, Concentration, and Distribution of 35 PFASs and Their Precursors Retained in 20 Stormwater Biofilters

Beryani,

Furén,

Österlund

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Current knowledge about the fate and transport behaviors of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in urban stormwater biofilter facilities is very limited. C5−14,16 perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids [perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs)], C4,8,10 perfluoroalkanesulfonic acids (PFSAs), methyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamide acetic acid (MeFOSAA, a PFSA precursor), and unknown C6−8 PFCA and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid precursors were frequently found in bioretention media and forebay sediments at Σ 35 PFAS concentrations of <0.03−19 and 0.064−16 μg/kg-DW, respectively. Unknown C6−8 PFCA precursor concentrations were up to ten times higher than the corresponding PFCAs, especially at forebays and biofilters' top layer. No significant trend could be attributed to PFAS and precursor concentrations versus depth of filter media, though PFAS concentrations were 2−3 times higher in the upper layers on average (significant difference between the upper (0−5 cm) and deepest (35−50 cm) layer). PFASs had a similar spatial concentration distribution in each filter media (no clear difference between short-and long-chain PFASs). Commercial land use and organic matter were important factors explaining the concentration variations among the biofilters and between the sampling depths, respectively. Given the comparable PFAS accumulations in deeper and superficial layers and possible increased mobility after precursor biotransformation, designing shallow-depth, nonamended sand biofilters or maintaining only the top layer may be insufficient for stormwater PFAS management.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, Concentration, and Distribution of 35 PFASs and Their Precursors Retained in 20 Stormwater Biofilters

Beryani,

Furén,

Österlund

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Seasonal Dynamics of Non-Biting Midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Relevant Environmental Factors

Lei,

Gu,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Insects

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The family Chironomidae is speciose and is present in almost all freshwater habitats. Adult non-biting midges emerge from waterbodies and swarm in high numbers, occasionally disrupting people’s outdoor activities. In order to understand the seasonal dynamics of species composition, a continuous observation of non-biting midge diversity was performed. Adult non-biting midges were collected using light traps from the autumn of 2022 to the summer of 2023 in an urban wetland park. Species were identified based on morphological characteristics and DNA barcodes. Alpha diversity was evaluated using Margalef, Pielou, and Shannon–Wiener indexes. Beta diversity was evaluated using unconstrained NMDS analysis and constrained CCA. The impacts of environmental factors, including barometric pressure, temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed, on the variation in species composition were estimated in the constrained analyses. A total of 42 species were identified, with 29 species belonging to Chironominae, 9 species belonging to Orthocladiinae, and 4 species belonging to Tanypodinae. The species composition varied across different seasons. Summer sites and autumn sites shared the highest similarity in diversity, and spring sites presented the lowest diversity. The variation was significantly correlated with environmental conditions. The results showed that seasonality is a factor influencing the diversity of adult non-biting midges.

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Concentration, distribution, and fractionation of metals in the filter material of 29 bioretention facilities: a field study

Abstract: Pollutant loads from anthropogenic activities in urban stormwater contribute to impairment of downstream water bodies. Cities are turning toward green infrastructure to treat pollutants in runoff. Bioretention technology is commonly...

Cited by 2 publications

References 45 publications

Occurrence, Concentration, and Distribution of 35 PFASs and Their Precursors Retained in 20 Stormwater Biofilters

Occurrence, Concentration, and Distribution of 35 PFASs and Their Precursors Retained in 20 Stormwater Biofilters

Seasonal Dynamics of Non-Biting Midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Relevant Environmental Factors

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