Concentration, likely sources, and ecological risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in urban soils of Shiraz City, SW Iran: a preliminary assessment

Jahandari, Ashkan; Abbasnejad, Ahmad; Jamasb, Roya

doi:10.1007/s12517-020-05959-7

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…To study the ecological and environmental risks of soil polluted with heavy metals, different indicators such as Igeo, PLI, EF, and potential ecological risk index (ERI) have been developed [14,17,[20][21][22][23][24]. PLI and ERI evaluate the combined risk of multiple trace elements in soil while EF shows the relative enrichment in any contaminant in comparison to pre-industrial soils from the same environment [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contamination level and risk assessment of heavy metals in the topsoil around cement factory: A case study

Amiri

Daneshvar²,

Azadi

2021

Environmental Engineering Research

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The cement industry is considered as a major source of heavy metals pollution in topsoil. This study aims at measuring the heavy metal contamination level in the vicinity of Shiraz cement factory, and assessing the ecological and environmental risks associated with the factory's activities in the surrounding topsoil. To do so, 10 samples of soil were taken from around the Shiraz cement factory at the depth of 0-10 cm and the concentration of some heavy metals including Al, Cd, Ni, and Pb was measured. Enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation (Igeo), and pollution load (PLI) indices were used to assess the ecological risk of heavy metals.Based on the results, the mean concentration of Al, Ni, Cd, and Pb was 6,937.14, 88.09, 1.96, and 30.74 mg/kg, respectively. The EF results showed that due to anthropogenic activities, the Ni, Pb, and Cd element has moderate, severe, and very severe enrichment in the study area, respectively. The Igeo result for Al, Ni, Pb, and Cd was -0.82, -0.17, 0.16, and 0.68, respectively, which indicates non- to slightly pollution of these heavy metals in this region. The mean PLI in the study area was 1.4 indicating the low to medium pollution of heavy metal. The results of this study can be useful in determining and investigating the environmental effects of Shiraz cement factory.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contamination level and risk assessment of heavy metals in the topsoil around cement factory: A case study

Amiri

Daneshvar²,

Azadi

2021

Environmental Engineering Research

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“…The Land 2023, 12, 1330 2 of 19 current academic community is more concerned with risk sources caused by anthropogenic activities and risk receptors with strong human interference, such as heavy metal pollution, persistent organic pollution, urban and regional ecosystem degradation, soil formation rate, etc. [10,11]. Kayumba et al used the CA-Markov model to simulate changes in the Bayanbulak field landscape and developed an ERA assessment model based on sensitivityhazard index relationships [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Transfer of Source-Sink Landscape Ecological Risk in a Karst Lake Watershed Based on Sub-Watersheds

Zhou

Zhao

Lv³

et al. 2023

Land

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Non-point source pollution is an important source of ecological risk in karst lakes. The process of source–sink landscapes is the main pathway of pollution migration and plays an important role in water quality. In this study, the ecological risk evolution in the past 30 years was studied in a karst lake watershed with 495 sub-basins as the basic evaluation unit, and the risk assessment model of non-point source pollution was improved by using rainfall and fertilizer application. The results show that (1) the area of cultivated land shrank significantly, with forest land and construction land showing an upward trend in general; (2) the layout of the sink landscape continuously shrank, while the source landscape gradually expanded, and the space of high load values further increased and shifted from a flower-like layout distribution to concentrated contiguity, with some values exceeding 0.5; (3) the 252 sub-watersheds of the sink landscape migrated from very low risk to low risk, while the risk of the source landscape changed from medium risk to high and very high risk in 48 sub-watersheds; and (4) in terms of the overall trend of ecological risk transformation of the source–sink landscape, the transformation of sink landscapes to source landscapes was greater than that of source landscapes to sink landscapes, and the overall ecological risk showed an increasing trend.

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“…In environmental studies, certain aspects are considered depending on the types of contaminating metals, the level of pollution and the potential risk to human health [43]. In order to identify the source of pollution and mitigate the consequences of HMs on top-soils, these aspects are compared, analyzed and described [44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies on HM urban soil pollution in Iran have mainly focused on risk assessment, spatial distribution, source identification and pollution level assessment across the country [43,44,[52][53][54]; however, the concentration of Sb in urban soils is not well known. Dehghani et al [55] investigated surface soils from the center of Tehran for important potentially hazardous elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Assessment and Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals with an Emphasis on Antimony (Sb) in Urban Soil in Bojnourd, Iran

et al. 2023

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Recently, one of the major environmental issues is the pollution of soil with Antimony (Sb), which is ecologically detrimental and potentially carcinogenic to humans. In developing countries such as Iran, Sb concentrations in soils have not yet been accurately determined. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the levels of Sb and the other HMs (Pb, Cd, As, Ni, Hg and Cr) in the surface soils of Bojnourd, Iran, as well as their distribution and potential risks to the environment and human health. A total of 37 soil samples (0–20 cm) were taken from different sampling stations: 900 × 900 m regular grid for traffic areas (TA), residential areas (RA) and suburb areas (SA). The contamination factor (CF) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) are two indices that were used to reflect the potential ecological risk from HMs. Geographic information system (GIS), Spearman correlation matrix and health risk indexes were utilized to investigate the source and potential hazard of HMs. The results showed that the average concentration of HMs in TA was highly enriched compared to other areas. Most soil samples were identified to have low levels of Sb and Ni pollution, while having moderate to high levels of Pb, Cr, As, Hg and Cd pollution, as determined by the pollution indices (Igeo and CF). Geostatistical analysis and GIS mapping of the spatial distribution of HM concentrations showed that there have been similar patterns of spatial distribution for Cd, Cr, Ni and Sb and their hot spots were in the southeast, west and center of the city. Neither the hazard quotient (HQ) nor the hazard index (HI) of the examined HMs indicated any non-carcinogenic risk to adults or children. However, carcinogenic risk assessment revealed that cancer risk was raised from Cr and Cd contents for children, while these elements showed an acceptable risk for adults. Furthermore, children’s carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic values were greater than adults’, indicating more potential health hazards associated with these HMs. Therefore, assessing the risk posed by HM pollution in urban surface soil is vital and urgent for children. A more detailed investigation is also required to identify the spatial distribution of soil pollution in areas recognized as enriched in Sb. A proper assessment of the environmental risk and the corresponding risk to humans from HM in a study area can be critical to developing an appropriate remediation method.

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Concentration, likely sources, and ecological risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in urban soils of Shiraz City, SW Iran: a preliminary assessment

Cited by 12 publications

References 54 publications

Contamination level and risk assessment of heavy metals in the topsoil around cement factory: A case study

Contamination level and risk assessment of heavy metals in the topsoil around cement factory: A case study

Spatiotemporal Transfer of Source-Sink Landscape Ecological Risk in a Karst Lake Watershed Based on Sub-Watersheds

Risk Assessment and Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals with an Emphasis on Antimony (Sb) in Urban Soil in Bojnourd, Iran

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