Concentration methods in spectrographic analysis. II. Recovery of trace constituents in plant materials and soil extracts by mixed organic reagents

Mitchell, R. L.; Scott, R. O.

doi:10.1002/jctb.5000660909

Cited by 79 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…As used here 8-hydroxyquinoline has been found to precipitate titanium, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, nickel and zinc quantitatively; thionalide precipitates any remaining manganese, copper, silver, cadmium, tin and lead; and tannic acid completes the precipitation of vanadium and chromium (2). Presumably the combination of these three metal-binding agents would precipitate all the elements in the fourth period from titanium (atomic number 22) to arsenic (atomic number 33).…”

Section: Part I Ofmentioning

confidence: 81%

Normal Concentrations of Some Trace Metals in Human Urine: Changes Produced by Ethylenediaminetetraacetate *

Hm¹,

Ef²

1959

J. Clin. Invest.

118

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Interest in the biologic role of trace elements prompted an investigation of their renal excretion. Preliminary qualitative analysis revealed that except for cobalt the entire first transition series of metals, namely, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, nickel and copper, were detectable in most human urines. In addition the heavier transition metals, molybdenum and silver, as well as the related metals, zinc, cadmium, tin and lead, were ordinarily present. A method was evolved by which the urinary concentrations of such metals could be quantitatively estimated. The procedure included initial chemical concentration followed by spectrographic analysis. Contamination was minimized by careful preparation of equipment and reagents. Since extraneous iron and copper were particularly difficult to avoid and since these two metals had frequently been studied by other techniques, no attempt was made to measure them spectrographically. The exclusion of significant positive contamination, the demonstration that the low renal excretion of cobalt permitted its use as an internal standard, and the determination of standard working curves and recovery data for each metal constituted the control data for the assay procedure. Estimations were less satisfactory for chromium and titanium than for the remaining nine metals.Collection and assay of 24 hour urines were performed in a standard manner. Such urines from normal persons served to indicate both the mean level and the variability of excretion for the nine trace metals which could be satisfactorily estimated. Daily differences in the renal excretion of metal as well as the effects produced by * Supported by grants-in-aid from the National Heart Institute of the United States Public Health Service, the American Heart Association, the Life Insurance Medical Research Fund and Abbott Laboratories.t Established Investigator, American Heart Association. extremes of urinary volume and pH were determined for 24 hour urines from one normal individual. A brief preliminary study was made of the metallic spectrum in single specimens of urine from hospitalized African natives. Finally, metal concentration was measured in consecutive 24 hour urines from hypercholesterolemic patients before, during and after the parenteral administration of the chelating agent, disodium calcium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, which had been observed to lower the level of cholesterol in human plasma (1). METHODSPrelimintary qutalitative uirinalysis. In order to select the metals to be assayed, 40 single urine specimens from different subjects were analyzed qualitatively. Half of. the samples were obtained from normal individuals and half from hospitalized patients with atherosclerosis and hypertension. The urines were evaporated to approximately one-twentieth of their original volume, after which most of the organic material was oxidized with hydrogen peroxide. The residues were then dried, mixed with an approximately equal amount of graphite, and burned to completion in a direct current arc. The ph...

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Section: Part I Ofmentioning

confidence: 81%

Normal Concentrations of Some Trace Metals in Human Urine: Changes Produced by Ethylenediaminetetraacetate *

Hm¹,

Ef²

1959

J. Clin. Invest.

118

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“…Thus, the elements Ag, Be, Bi, Ce, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Ge, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, rare earths, Ti, Tl, U, V, W, Zn and Zr may be recovered in a matrix of aluminium or indium oxide. This method, which was first suggested by MITCHELL and SCOTT (17), is much used in general purity control and has been described by a number of authors : HEGGEN and STROCK (7), PINTA (20), SILVEY and BRENNAN (24) and FALQUHAR et al (5). Very often the determinations are carried out by emission spectroscopy (arc or spark), which permits limits of detection of a few ppb to be achieved.…”

Section: Activation Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace Analysis Applicable to the Determination of Minor Impurities in Chemicals - II. an Evaluation of Methodology for the Analysis of High Purity Mineral Acids

Pinta¹

2016

IUPAC Standards Online

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“…Basic studies have been made by Brenchley (1926;, Byers et al, (1938a,b), Mitchell (1944Mitchell ( , 1945Mitchell ( , 1948Mitchell and Scott, 1947), on the distribution of trace elements in soils. This subject is of direct practical value because of the nutritional importance of these elements for plants, animals and man, and their toxicity when present in excessive amounts.…”

Section: Geochemistry Of Sei)imentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical foundations of chemical geology and geochemistry

Manten¹

1966

Chemical Geology

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SUMMARYRoughly, the name chemical geology has been used for as long as chemistry has been applied in geology; the name geochemistry was introduced by Schbnbein, in 1838. Whereas initially the names were often regarded as synonymous, in our century there is a tendency to make a distinction between the two on the basis of the way in which the subject is approached.In the previous century most of the work dealt with mineral and rock analysis and the occurrence of geochemical cycles. Other fields of study, such as isotope "geology", physico-chemical petrology and crystal chemistry reached maturity early in the twentieth century. Somewhat later sedimentary geochemistry began to expand. The rise of geochemical prospection took place mainly in the nineteen thirties. In the meantime, a considerable progress was also achieved in the field of analytical geochemistry, particularly through the development of various new techniques.

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Concentration methods in spectrographic analysis. II. Recovery of trace constituents in plant materials and soil extracts by mixed organic reagents

Cited by 79 publications

References 4 publications

Normal Concentrations of Some Trace Metals in Human Urine: Changes Produced by Ethylenediaminetetraacetate *

Normal Concentrations of Some Trace Metals in Human Urine: Changes Produced by Ethylenediaminetetraacetate *

Trace Analysis Applicable to the Determination of Minor Impurities in Chemicals - II. an Evaluation of Methodology for the Analysis of High Purity Mineral Acids

Historical foundations of chemical geology and geochemistry

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