Concentration of Creatine Kinase and Aspartate Aminotransferase in the Blood of Wild Mallards Following Capture by Three Methods for Banding

Plasma chemistry parameters were measured in adult (Ͼ1.5 yr) and juvenile (4-8 and 9-16 wk) captive houbara bustards (Chlamydotis undulata macqueenii) and from adult (Ͼ1.5 yr) and juvenile (4-8, 9-16, 17-24, 25-32, 33-40 and 41-52 wk) captive kori bustards (Ardeotis kori) to study age-related changes. A comparison of the values obtained was made between adult and juvenile bustards of both species and from the literature with other bustard species. Significant differences between adult and juvenile bustards of both species were found for glucose, total protein, alkaline phosphatase (ALKP), aspartate amino transferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase, and calcium. Some parameters, such as calcium, showed comparable age-related changes in both species. In contrast, other parameters showed clear differences in the type (ALT, AST) or magnitude (ALKP) of age-related change between the species, demonstrating the importance of determining normal values for individual species. The results obtained from this study provide blood chemistry values for these species and demonstrate age-related differences between adult and juvenile birds.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Plasma Chemistry Changes in Houbara and Kori Bustards in the United Arab Emirates

Bailey

Wernery

Howlett

et al. 1999

“…), Ostriches (Struthio camelus), and Gray Crowned Cranes (Balearica regulorum), among others (as cited in Bollinger et al, 1989). Long-legged species appear to be overrepresented in the literature as being susceptible to CM, although it is thought that any species could potentially develop the syndrome (Williams and Thorne, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Creatine kinase is reported to be the most useful indicator of muscle damage in birds (Franson et al, 1985) and mammals (Cardinet, 1989); however, the correlation between these enzyme values and overt clinical signs or death is largely unknown (Bollinger et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leakage of cellular enzymes from damaged muscle tissue into the blood stream causes serum analytes to become elevated, particularly creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which are thus used as indicators of myocellular damage related to CM (Bollinger et al, 1989). Creatine kinase is reported to be the most useful indicator of muscle damage in birds (Franson et al, 1985) and mammals (Cardinet, 1989); however, the correlation between these enzyme values and overt clinical signs or death is largely unknown (Bollinger et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Midazolam as an Adjunctive Therapy for Capture Myopathy in Bar-Tailed Godwits (Limosa Lapponica Baueri) With Prognostic Indicators

Ward

Gartrell

Conklin³

et al. 2011

ABSTRACT:Capture myopathy is a complication of capture and handling in many species of birds and mammals. Muscular necrosis leads to ataxia, paralysis, and pain, whereas metabolic disturbances can result in death. We conducted an opportunistic clinical trial on Bar-tailed Godwits (Limosa lapponica baueri) that developed capture myopathy after a cannon-net capture in New Zealand in October 2008. We assessed the beneficial effects of midazolam, a benzodiazepine with the effects of anxiolysis, muscle relaxation, and sedation, in the adjunctive treatment of capture myopathy. Physical and biochemical parameters were analyzed retrospectively for their potential as indicators for survival until release. Birds (n516) were treated with subcutaneous fluid therapy, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (meloxicam), gavage feeding, and sling therapy twice daily. The treatment group (n58) was treated twice daily with intramuscular midazolam injections, 1.5 mg/kg. Surviving godwits were released over 1-9 days, with 6 of 8 treated birds (75%) surviving to release, compared with 3 of 8 controls (38%). Inability to counteract weight loss in captivity was the most significant problem for both groups. Lack of waterproofing and predation were contributing causes of death for at least two godwits after release. Birds treated with midazolam showed subjective benefits including improved tolerance of handling and sling therapy. Clinical parameters (change in body mass, packed cell volume [PCV], plasma creatine kinase [CK], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], total protein, and uric acid [UA] over time) were not statistically different between groups, although peak average values for CK, AST, and UA were lower in the treatment group. Decline in body mass (%), PCV, final plasma UA, and peak plasma CK were the most useful prognostic indicators. Midazolam shows potential as an ancillary treatment for capture myopathy in birds and is worthy of continued study and use.

“…It is frequently reported in mammals, mainly in ungulates, but it has also been observed in birds (Williams and Thorne, 1996). Long-legged birds, like flamingoes, ostriches, and cranes, have been reported frequently to suffer capture myopathy (Bollinger et al, 1989). Additionally, this condition has been described in different species of waterfowl, gallinaceous birds, and raptors (Spraker et al, 1987;Domingo et al, 1991;Williams and Thorne, 1996;Hö fle et al, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Capture Myopathy in Little Bustards after Trapping and Marking

Marco

Mentaberre

Ponjoan

et al. 2006

ABSTRACT:Four little bustards (Tetrax tetrax) (one adult and three juvenile males), captured with leg nooses and fitted with a backpack radiotag, died after capture. The first bird was found after 16 days with its left foot caught in the harness and died after 1 day. The other birds showed symptoms of capture myopathy after release, such as the difficulty or inability to fly and/or walk. They died after 5, 6, and 8 days, respectively. At necropsy, muscles affected in all cases were those from the legs, and these were diffusely pale and dull, with a soft friable texture. Microscopically these muscles had multiple foci of myofiber fragmentation, loss of striation, and necrosis; a mononuclear cell infiltrate was observed in muscle from two birds. These findings suggest the little bustard is susceptible to capture myopathy and that caution should be exercised during its capture and handling.