Concentration of sodium hyaluronate in serum

Abstract

A radioassay for sodium hyaluronate using high-affinity binding protein from bovine cartilage has been modified for serum analysis. The accuracy of the method was checked by isotope dilution experiments and by recovery studies with exogenous hyaluronate. The between-assay standard deviation in the determination is 15-20%. The concentration of sodium hyaluronate in healthy adults (blood donors) is in the range of 10 to 100 micrograms/l with a mean value in the order of 30 to 40 micrograms/l. This is a lower concentration than previously reported. The same level was found in young people. Higher hyaluronate concentrations were noted in persons above 50 years of age. Analysis of plasma showed a slightly higher average hyaluronate level (5%) than in serum from the same persons. There were no notable sex differences. Analysis of serum and plasma from adult animals (rat, rabbit, dog, pig, goat, sheep, cow and horse) gave hyaluronate concentrations of the same order or higher than in human serum.

Serum hyaluronate level as a predictor of radiologic progression in early rheumatoid arthritis

“…The male RA patients in our study had higher HA levels than did the female patients; the males also had higher levels of disease activity. No notable difference in H A levels between males and females has been observed in healthy subjects (16). The higher values in men with RA may simply reflect the larger amount of synovial mass in men compared with women.…”

“…This test is based on the use of '2sI-labeled HA-binding protein isolated from bovine cartilage to capture HA from the test sample (16). After a 60-minute incubation, the free HA-binding protein is bound to HA attached on a solid phase.…”

Is serum hyaluronan a helpful tool in the management of patients with liver diseases?

“…In healthy humans the circulating plasma pool of hyaluronan is fairly constant with a concentration of 10-100 g L Ϫ1 in adults [9] but there is a significant increase with old age [12]. In the first week after birth, however, levels of serum hyaluronan, six to eight times higher than those in adults have been recorded [12,13].…”

“…The endogenous input from tissues via the lymphatics to the circulation is estimated to be 10-100 mg hyaluronan per day [9]. In addition, stellate cells of the liver are able to synthesize hyaluronan with increased production following stimulation by mediators from Kupffer cells and liver endothelial cells [10,11].…”

Serum hyaluronan levels increase with the total number of osteoarthritic joints and are strongly associated with the presence of knee and finger osteoarthritis

“…Previous studies show its association with the presence [7][8][9], duration [10] and severity of radiographic OA [11]; degree of pain [5,11,12]; and OA progression [13]. However, systemic biomarkers have negative aspects, as they are affected by many factors related to aging [14] and physical activity [15]. Furthermore, these previous studies were performed only in disease-specific joints despite the fact that most or many OA patients have disease in several joints.…”