Concentration polarization in plane membrane-solution systems

Dewhurst, D.J.

doi:10.1039/tf9605600599

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…1). The distance between the membrane surface (x = 0) and the point (x = 6) of the diffusion layer where the concentration difference between this point and the noninfluenced electrolyte solution [c(6)-c(+ ~)] is i % of the concentration shift at the membrane surface [c(0)-c(+ ~)] shall be defined as thickness 6 of the diffusion layer (see also Dewhurst, 1960;Ibl, 1962). We will proceed only from the interface of membrane/solution II, since the analogous holds for the other side (Fig.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal and local concentration changes in diffusion layers at cellulose membranes due to concentration differences between the solutions on both sides of the membrane

Lerche

1976

J. Membrain Biol.

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By means of a laser-interferometrical method diffusion layers at the interface of a noncharged cellulose membrane are studied. These layers are induced by a concentration difference between the NaCl solutions separated by the membrane. The temporal and local shift of the NaCl concentration in the diffusion layers were measured. A steady-state concentration profile could be obtained for times of 121 sec less than or equal to to less than or equal to 484 sec. The concentration profiles at any time (to less than or equal to 900) are not a linear function of the membrane surface, but could be fitted to a quadratic function. The thickness of the diffusion layers is also a function of time and its stationary value in this system is (575 +/- 49) X 10(-6)m. The role of concentration polarization for the determination of phenomenological thermodynamic coefficients of membranes is discussed and a new method is suggested, which excludes the difficulties of the concentration polarization in the diffusion layers at the membrane.

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Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal and local concentration changes in diffusion layers at cellulose membranes due to concentration differences between the solutions on both sides of the membrane

Lerche

1976

J. Membrain Biol.

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“…The DNA is present as a nondiffusing ionic species between (or at either sides of) planes 2 and 3 [see Figs. 1(a) and 1(c)] or in a concentration that in equilibrium yields the current transport numbers [18] for the mobile ions in accordance with the DNA-EDL model described above.…”

Section: -2mentioning

confidence: 91%

Concentration Polarization in Translocation of DNA through Nanopores and Nanochannels

et al. 2012

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In this Letter we provide a theory to show that high-field electrokinetic translocation of DNA through nanopores or nanochannels causes large transient variations of the ionic concentrations in front and at the back of the DNA due to concentration polarization (CP). The CP causes strong local conductivity variations, which can successfully explain the nontrivial current transients and ionic distributions observed in molecular dynamics simulations of nanopore DNA translocations as well as the transient current dips and spikes measured for translocating hairpin DNA. Most importantly, as the future of sequencing of DNA by nanopore translocation will be based on time-varying electrical conductance, CP, must be considered in experimental design and interpretation--currently these studies are mostly based on the incomplete pore conductance models that ignore CP and transients in the electrical conductance.

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“…This effect, which will be referred to here as the "transport number effect" (e.g., Barry & Hope, 1969), is also sometimes referred to as "concentration polarization" (e.g., Dewhurst, 1960). For a review of such effects, their mechanisms, and implications see either the specific review of transport number effects by Barry (1983) or the general review of unstirred-layer phenomena by Barry and Diamond (1984).…”

Section: C(t)-c(oo)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Slow potential changes in mammalian muscle fibers during prolonged hyperpolarization: Transport number effects and chloride depletion

Barry

Dulhunty

1984

J. Membrain Biol.

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Mammalian skeletal muscle fibers exhibit large slow changes in membrane potential when hyperpolarized in standard chloride solutions. These large slow potential changes are radically reduced in low chloride solutions, where the faster and smaller potential change ("creep"), usually observed in amphibian fibers, becomes apparent. The slow potential change during a hyperpolarizing current pulse leads to an increase in apparent resistance of up to nine times the instantaneous value and takes minutes to reach a steady value. It then takes a similar time to decay very slowly back to the resting membrane potential after the current pulse. The halftime for the slow potential change was found to be inversely proportional to the current magnitude. From measurements of immediate post-pulse membrane potentials, assuming constant ionic permeabilities, the internal chloride concentration was calculated to decrease exponentially towards a steady value (e.g., for one fiber from 12.3 to 6.6 mM after a 330-sec pulse). The time course and magnitude of the concentration change were predicted from chloride transport number differences, and the known and measured properties of the fibers, and were found to agree very well with the values obtained from experimental measurements. In addition, the shapes of the V2-V1 responses, measured in the three-electrode current clamp set-up with either potassium chloride or potassium citrate current electrodes, were as predicted by transport number chloride depletion effects and were at variance with the predictions of a permeability change mechanism.

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Concentration polarization in plane membrane-solution systems

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Temporal and local concentration changes in diffusion layers at cellulose membranes due to concentration differences between the solutions on both sides of the membrane

Temporal and local concentration changes in diffusion layers at cellulose membranes due to concentration differences between the solutions on both sides of the membrane

Concentration Polarization in Translocation of DNA through Nanopores and Nanochannels

Slow potential changes in mammalian muscle fibers during prolonged hyperpolarization: Transport number effects and chloride depletion

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