Concentrations of cefotaxime in bronchial secretions

Morel, C.; Monrocq, N; Besnard, Yves

doi:10.1093/jac/6.suppl_a.123

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…One ob serves a certain variability in the concentra tions measured in the bronchial secretions, which is usually observed with /1-lactam anti biotics according to previous studies [2,5,8,15]. The bronchial concentrations are much higher than those measured for other recent molecules studied under similar con ditions and at similar dosages [2,3,9]. Measurable from the 1st h these individual concentrations reach 5 or 6 «g/ml at the 3rd h and high values are still measured at the 4th h (table I).…”

Section: Analytical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…In comparing the results of this study with those obtained with three other new ce phalosporins (cefuroxime and cefotaxime) or cephamycin (cefoxitin) administered un der similar conditions, the concentrations of cefotiam in the bronchial secretions appear very markedly higher than the maximum values determined for these other three anti biotics (table IV) [2,3,9]. The mean bronchial concentrations of cefotiam reached a peak at the 3rd h (5.8 /¡g/ml), which is a little later than those observed at the 2nd h with the other three antibiotics, but one observes that at the 2nd h the cefo tiam levels in group I are already equal to those of these drugs and continue to rise up till the 3rd h.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…This reduction could be explained by a decrease in the bronchial inflammation af ter antibiotic therapy over a period of 3 days. It has in fact been shown that the de gree of inflammation has a marked effect on the penetration of certain antibiotics (espe cially the /i-lactamines), and the reduction of the inflammatory conditions of the bronchial tissues could account for the de- [4,9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the Diffusion of Cefotiam in the Bronchial Secretions

1982

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the concentration in the bronchial secretions of a new injectable cephalosporin, cefotiam, which is characterized by an excellent antibacterial activity, stability against β-lactamases and interesting pharmacokinetic properties, 30 patients suffering from acute exacerbation of a chronic bronchitis or bronchiectasis with expectoration, received either 1 g i. v. of cefotiam in a single dose or four doses of 1 g each over a period of 3 days. The bronchial secretion samples were obtained by fibroscopy, 1, 2, or 4 h after the last dose, in order to evaluate the kinetics of the bronchial concentration of cefotiam. Blood samples were taken simultaneously in order to establish a possible correlation between the bronchial and serum levels of the drug. The results of the study show a rapid and significant transfer of the drug through the bronchoalveolar capillaries, elevated bronchial concentrations starting from the 2nd h, reaching 10 μg/ml (or more) in certain cases, slow elimination with bronchial concentrations persisting at high levels for up to 4 h and a ratio between bronchial and serum concentrations of 25–60% at the 2nd h and more than 100% at the 3rd and 4th h. These results confirm the excellent diffusion of cefotiam, especially in the respiratory tract, allowing bronchial levels largely superior to the minimum inhibitory concentrations required to kill the bacteria usually responsible for lower respiratory tract infections.

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Section: Analytical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the Diffusion of Cefotiam in the Bronchial Secretions

1982

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Mechanism of Action, Antimicrobial Activity, Pharmacology, Adverse Effects, and Clinical Efficacy of Cefotaxime

LeFrock¹,

Prince

Left

1982

Pharmacotherapy

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Cefotaxime sodium, a parenteral cephalosporin antibiotic, exerts its bactericidal action through inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Chemical structure modifications have enabled this compound to be resistant to the action of Richmond I, III, IV, and V beta-lactamase enzymes. Excellent activity against many gram-negative bacilli, especially Enterobacteriaceae, has been demonstrated. Antipseudomonal activity is generally poor, however. Activity against gram-positive cocci, with the notable exception of Streptococcus fecalis, is adequate. Anaerobic activity is variable, particularly against Clostridia and Bacteroides species. Acute, subacute, and chronic toxicity studies in animals were generally unremarkable. No mutagenic effects or reproductive toxicity have been noted in animals. In man, cefotaxime is desacetylated to a microbiologically active metabolite. Urinary excretion is approximately 50-60% and 15-20% of a dose for the parent compound and desacetyl metabolite, respectively. The elimination half-life of cefotaxime is about one hour, with the total body clearance being approximately twice that of the renal clearance. Severe renal dysfunction causes a prolongation of the elimination half-life of cefotaxime and particularly desacetyl cefotaxime. A relatively low degree of protein binding in part attributes to a wide bodily distribution of cefotaxime. Cefotaxime is effective in a variety of infectious processes caused by susceptible organisms. Local reactions at the injection site and hypersensitivity phenomena are the most common adverse effects. Comparative trials attesting to cefotaxime's clinical utility over other parenteral cephalosporins or amino-glycosides are very limited. Based on the available evidence, cefotaxime should be most useful in combating serious gram-negative infections, because of its excellent activity against most of these organisms and its low toxicity profile.

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A selected review of antimicrobial concentrations within tissues of the bone, eye, and lung

Gattis

1994

Antimicrobics and Infectious Diseases Newsletter

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Concentrations of cefotaxime in bronchial secretions

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Study of the Diffusion of Cefotiam in the Bronchial Secretions

Study of the Diffusion of Cefotiam in the Bronchial Secretions

Mechanism of Action, Antimicrobial Activity, Pharmacology, Adverse Effects, and Clinical Efficacy of Cefotaxime

A selected review of antimicrobial concentrations within tissues of the bone, eye, and lung

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