Concentrations of lignin and wall-bound ferulic acid after wounding in the phloem of Chamaecyparis obtusa

Abstract

The changes of lignin and wall-bound ferulic acid induced by wounding were quantitatively and histochemically investigated in the phloem of Chamaecyparis obtusa. Histochemical staining of lignin was first observed in the necrotic region of the phloem 7 days after wounding and developed in 14 days. Increases of the wall-bound ferulic acid and lignin concentrations were detected in the necrotic tissue at 7 and 14 days, respectively. The concentrations continued to increase until 28 days. The lignin concentration of the callus tissue was observed to be lower than that of the healthy tissue at 14 days, and reached a similar level after 28 days. No quantitative changes of lignin and wall-bound ferulic acid were observed in other tissues. The results indicated that lignin synthesis could be maintained after the phloem cells were discolored and seemed to be necrotic. Distribution and timing of the wall-bound ferulic acid and lignin accumulation suggested that the increased wall-bound ferulic acid was involved in the lignin synthesis after wounding.

Morphological and transcript changes in the biosynthesis of lignin in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) during Ganoderma boninense infections in vitro

“…In addition, total lignin content in T2 plantlets increased in the initial stages of the infection period and was significantly higher than T1 plantlets on day 2 posttreatment ( P < 0.05). Therefore, lignification also took place rapidly in oil palm plantlets upon wounding, comparable with previous studies in Chamaecyparis obtuse as reported by Kusumoto ().…”

Abiotic and Biotic Stresses and Changes in the Lignin Content and Composition in Plants

“…Histochemical (phloroglucinol‐HCL) and quantitative (acetyl bromide) studies on the accumulation of lignin and ferulic acid in the phloem of Chamaecyparis obtusa exposed to injury (injury of the bark near the base of the stem) reported the formation of a parenchymal zone and induction of lignification in the necrotic phloem (Kusumoto 2005) after 7 d. The formation of a ligno‐suberized layer between the necrotic tissue and the parenchymatous area was observed after 14 d. The formation of a callus (due to hyperplasia of cells in the parenchyma and cambium), which became lignified, was also observed. The concentration of lignin measured in the cell walls of necrotic tissues was significantly higher at 28 and 56 d after injury.…”

Perception of soft mechanical stress in Arabidopsis leaves activates disease resistance

“…A closer look at the response to wounding has shown that it induces biochemical and molecular changes often associated with subsequently induced resistance mechanisms. For instance, wounded plants produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 10 , 11 ], undergo changes in lignification [ 12 ], JA, other hormones or wound signals [ 13 ] and exhibit changes in gene expression [ 5 , 14 ] that are associated with induced defense reactions.…”