Concentrations of Metallothionein-Like Proteins and Heavy Metals in the Freshwater Snail Lymnaea stagnalis Exposed to Different Levels of Waterborne Cadmium

Leung, Kenneth M.Y.; Ibrahim, Huda; Dewhurst, R. E.; Morley, N.J.; Crane, Mark; Lewis, Jane

doi:10.1007/s00128-003-8856-3

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…However, it may be useful to detect SH-linked detoxification processes induced by environmental stressors. In the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis, an induction of so-called MTLPs was observed only at very high waterborne concentrations of Cd (1000 µg L −1 [53]), and a similar pattern of induction was also reported from the dogwhelk Nucella lapillus [54,55].…”

Section: Methodological Considerationssupporting

confidence: 62%

Cadmium Pathways in Snails Follow a Complementary Strategy between Metallothionein Detoxification and Auxiliary Inactivation by Phytochelatins

Dvorak

Schnegg

Niederwanger

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Metal detoxification is crucial for animals to cope with environmental exposure. In snails, a pivotal role in protection against cadmium (Cd) is attributed to metallothioneins (MTs). Some gastropod species express, in a lineage-specific manner, Cd-selective MTs devoted exclusively to the binding and detoxification of this single metal, whereas other species of snails possess non-selective MTs, but still show a high tolerance against Cd. An explanation for this may be that invertebrates and in particular snails may also synthetize phytochelatins (PCs), originally known to be produced by plants, to provide protection against metal or metalloid toxicity. Here we demonstrate that despite the fact that similar mechanisms for Cd inactivation exist in snail species through binding of the metal to MTs, the actual detoxification pathways for this metal may follow different traits in a species-specific manner. In particular, this depends on the detoxification capacity of MTs due to their Cd-selective or non-specific binding features. In the terrestrial slug Arion vulgaris, for example, Cd is solely detoxified by a Cd-selective MT isoform (AvMT1). In contrast, the freshwater snail Biomphalaria glabrata activates an additional pathway for metal inactivation by synthesizing phytochelatins, which compensate for the insufficient capacity of its non-selective MT system to detoxify Cd. We hypothesize that in other snails and invertebrate species, too, an alternative inactivation of the metal by PCs may occur, if their MT system is not Cd-selective enough, or its Cd loading capacity is exhausted.

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Section: Methodological Considerationssupporting

confidence: 62%

Cadmium Pathways in Snails Follow a Complementary Strategy between Metallothionein Detoxification and Auxiliary Inactivation by Phytochelatins

Dvorak

Schnegg

Niederwanger

et al. 2019

IJMS

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“…Furthermore, there were no significant differences between the PC levels for the 25 μg L −1 vs. the 50 μg L −1 groups for either PC 2 or PC 3 (P N 0.5 for both). Previous studies of L. stagnalis detoxification responses to Cd and other potentially toxic metals focussed on MTs, in both laboratory and field studies (Gnatyshyna et al, 2011;Leung et al, 2003;Ng et al, 2011). To our knowledge, no other study has directly analysed PC responses in any mollusc species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Sub-lethal cadmium exposure increases phytochelatin concentrations in the aquatic snail Lymnaea stagnalis

Gonçalves

Davies

Bennett

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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Phytochelatins are metal-binding metabolites found in almost all plant species and some animal groups, including nematodes and annelids, where they can play an important role in detoxifying metals such as cadmium. Species from several other taxa contain a phytochelatin synthase (PCS) gene orthologue, including molluscs, indicating they may have the potential to synthesize phytochelatins. However, the presence of a gene alone does not demonstrate that it plays a functional role in metal detoxification. In the present study, we show that the aquatic snail Lymnaea stagnalis produced both penta-and heptapeptide phytochelatins (i.e. phytochelatin-2 and phytochelatin-3), and their levels increased in response to sub-lethal levels of cadmium. detoxification. In the present study, we show that the aquatic snail Lymnaea stagnalis 30 produced both penta-and heptapeptide phytochelatins (i.e. phytochelatin-2 and 31 phytochelatin-3), and their levels increased in response to sub-lethal levels of 32 cadmium. 33 34

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“…However, despite known preference of metallothionein in the Cd binding, only 16% of Cd in the tissue of snail was bound with the metallothionein at the correspondent exposure. In the study of Leung et al (2003) [20], low level of Cd (of 0.01 µg/L) also did not change metal accumulation in the MT of the aquatic snails. Only the exposure to high concentration 1,000 µg/L of Cd during 10 days increased the level of MT-like proteins and the concentrations of metals (Cd, and also Ni and Cr).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Evaluation of metallothionein response in Lymnaea stagnalis pond snail exposured to trace metals and thiocarbamate fungicide

Gnatyshyna¹

2019

Biol. Stud.

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Concentrations of Metallothionein-Like Proteins and Heavy Metals in the Freshwater Snail Lymnaea stagnalis Exposed to Different Levels of Waterborne Cadmium

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Cadmium Pathways in Snails Follow a Complementary Strategy between Metallothionein Detoxification and Auxiliary Inactivation by Phytochelatins

Cadmium Pathways in Snails Follow a Complementary Strategy between Metallothionein Detoxification and Auxiliary Inactivation by Phytochelatins

Sub-lethal cadmium exposure increases phytochelatin concentrations in the aquatic snail Lymnaea stagnalis

Evaluation of metallothionein response in Lymnaea stagnalis pond snail exposured to trace metals and thiocarbamate fungicide

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