Concentrations, pollution indices and health risk assessment of heavy metals in road dust from two urbanized cities of Pakistan: Comparing two sampling methods for heavy metals concentration

Qadeer, Abdul; Saqib, Zulfiqar Ahmad; Ajmal, Zeeshan; Chen, Xing; Khalil, Saira Khan; Usman, Muhammad; Huang, Yanping; Bashir, Safdar; Ahmad, Zulfiqar; Ahmed, Saeed; Thebo, Khalid Hussain; Liu, Min

doi:10.1016/j.scs.2019.101959

Cited by 102 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“… 3 , 4 In urban areas, road dust acts as a sink for pollutants, and PM gets deposited to the surface of the road in the form of road dust mainly due to forces which include gravity, particle drag, Brownian diffusion, electrical charge effects and particle inertia. 5 , 6 Deposition and suspension are the collective effects of all of these forces that yield sufficient particle velocities in the downward and upward direction in the atmosphere. 7 Sources of PM include the incomplete combustion of fuel, coal mining and mining-related processes, trash burning, construction, transportation, and burning of agricultural produce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Pollution and Health Risks of Heavy Metals in Particulate Matter and Road Dust Along the Road Network of Dhanbad, India

Kumari

Jain

Elumalai

2021

Journal of Health and Pollution

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Background. The rise in particulate matter (PM) concentrations is a serious problem for the environment. Heavy metals associated with PM10, PM2.5, and road dust adversely affect human health. Different methods have been used to assess heavy metal contamination in PM10, PM2.5, and road dust and source apportionment of these heavy metals. These assessment tools utilize pollution indices and health risk assessment models. Objectives. The present study evaluates the total mass and average concentrations of heavy metals in PM10, PM2.5, and road dust along selected road networks in Dhanbad, India, analyzes the source apportionment of heavy metals, and assesses associated human health risks. Methods. A total of 112 PM samples and 21 road dust samples were collected from six stations and one background site in Dhanbad, India from December 2015 to February 2016, and were analyzed for heavy metals (iron (Fe), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), and zinc (Zn)) using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Source apportionment was determined using principal component analysis. A health risk assessment of heavy metal concentrations in PM10, PM2.5, and road dust was also performed. Results. The average mass concentration was found to be 229.54±118.40 μg m−3 for PM10 and 129.73 ±61.74 μg m−3 for PM2.5. The average concentration of heavy metals was found to be higher in PM2.5 than PM10. The pollution load index value of PM10 and PM2.5 road dust was found to be in the deteriorating category. Vehicles were the major source of pollution. The non-carcinogenic effects on children and adults were found to be within acceptable limits. The heavy metals present in PM and road dust posed a health risk in the order of road dust> PM10> and PM2.5. Particulate matter posed higher health risks than road dust due to particle size. Conclusions. The mass concentration analysis indicates serious PM10 and PM2.5 contamination in the study area. Vehicle traffic was the major source of heavy metals in PM10, PM2.5, and road dust. In terms of non-carcinogenic risks posed by heavy metals in the present study, children were more affected than adults. The carcinogenic risk posed by the heavy metals was negligible. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar studies have been done in India, 22 – 28 China, 29 – 33 and other parts of the world. 6 , 34 – 40…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Pollution and Health Risks of Heavy Metals in Particulate Matter and Road Dust Along the Road Network of Dhanbad, India

Kumari

Jain

Elumalai

2021

Journal of Health and Pollution

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“…The intermediate zone is largely planned and uncontrolled mix of housing for the upper-middle-class. The outermost zone of Lahore 0 5,000,000 10,000,000 15,000,000 20,000,000 25,000,000 30,000,000 The major challenges facing Lahore include a housing shortage, income-based segregation, and service delivery accompanied by rapid urbanization [48]. Lahore, with its rich architectural heritage and blooming cultural life, attracts a lot of people from different parts of the country for its bustling markets, historic monuments, academic institutions, shopping, and food.…”

Section: Contextual Analysis Of Lahorementioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Impacts of Mega Transport Infrastructures on the Transformation of Urban Fabric: Case of BRT Lahore

et al. 2021

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State of the art mass transit systems, such as bus rapid transit (BRT), have appeared to be an innovative solution to meet the mobility needs of many world cities. However, their ability to transform surrounding urban fabric remains less explored in the developing world. This paper examines the impacts of BRT Lahore on land development patterns, considering the phenomena of land use revitalization, densification, and property reconfiguration. We have used quantitative approaches to gauge the changes in the urban fabric, with respect to the local neighborhood conditions and parcel level attributes, using multilevel logit models. The results of the logit models reveal heterogeneous impacts on conversions to commercial plazas, apartment buildings, and mixed-use buildings. The distance to the BRT station and size of the property is significantly associated with these conversions. Overall, one can notice a lack of a sense of place making and an absence of transit-oriented zoning around BRT stations. The desire of sustainable transit-oriented development to intensify land uses according to local conditions requires local urban designers and planners to think ahead of the curve by working on the regulatory and zoning restrictions governing the designs of built environment and also address the issues of gentrification and social inequity.

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“…The use of combination extracts or natural compounds of different origins has been documented to improve the antibacterial properties of spices or their constituents [31] The use of spice oil in conjunction with other preservation methods has also been evaluated. Low-pressure environments, for example, increased E.coli and S.enteritidis susceptibility.…”

Section: Capsicum Carvimentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemicals Analysis and Minerals Present in the dried used as spices: Health Risk Implication in Northern of Iraq

Mustafa¹

2021

PJMHS

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In this study, total concentrations of eleven chemical elements (Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Na, Mn, Ni, Zn, P and Mg) in common spices of Kalar city- Iraq were determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. This study indicates that spices are a good source of a combination of Ca, K, Na, P and Mg. The spices, Curcuma longa, Nigella Sativa and Elettaria cardamomum were found to be very good sources of essential trace elements like Fe, Zn and Mn. The concentrations of the all elements were within the WHO and FAO permissible levels. Therefore, health risks associated with these elements indicate that people would experience no potential risks due to consumption of the spices. Preliminary screening of phytochemicals has found plenty of secondary metabolites which are present in dry plant samples. EDI values of all the metals were found to be below the maximum tolerable daily intake (MTDI).The present review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the most relevant and recent findings on spices and their active compounds in terms of targets and mode of action; in particular, their potential use in food preservation and enhancement of shelf life as a natural bio ingredient. Keywords: Spices, phytochemicals, food preservative, Minerals, Ash digestion, inductively coupled plasma – optical emission spectrometry, ICP-OES.

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Concentrations, pollution indices and health risk assessment of heavy metals in road dust from two urbanized cities of Pakistan: Comparing two sampling methods for heavy metals concentration

Cited by 102 publications

References 59 publications

Assessment of Pollution and Health Risks of Heavy Metals in Particulate Matter and Road Dust Along the Road Network of Dhanbad, India

Assessment of Pollution and Health Risks of Heavy Metals in Particulate Matter and Road Dust Along the Road Network of Dhanbad, India

Insights into the Impacts of Mega Transport Infrastructures on the Transformation of Urban Fabric: Case of BRT Lahore

Phytochemicals Analysis and Minerals Present in the dried used as spices: Health Risk Implication in Northern of Iraq

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