Lens-shaped surfaces (with vertices of valence 2) arise for example in automatic quad-remeshing. Applying standard Catmull-Clark subdivision rules to a vertex of valence 2, however, does not yield a C 1 surface in the limit. When correcting this flaw by adjusting the vertex rule, we discover a variant whose characteristic ring is z → z 2 . Since this conformal ring is of degree bi-2 rather than bi-3, it allows constructing a subdivision algorithm that works directly on the control net and generates C 2 limit surfaces of degree bi-4 for lens-shaped surfaces. To further improve shape, a number of re-meshing and re-construction options are discussed indicating that a careful approach pays off. Finally, we point out the analogy between characteristic configurations and the conformal maps z 4/n , cos z and e z .Keywords lens-shaped, C 2 , subdivision surface, re-meshing, polar
Mathematics Subject Classification (2000)Computer aided design (modeling of curves and surfaces) · Splines · Computer graphics and computational geometry
MotivationThe prescription of the original Catmull-Clark construction [1] for creating a new mesh from an arbitrary existing one applies also when a vertex has valence n = 2 (Figure 2): For each facet, a new face node is computed as the average of the facet's old vertices; for each edge, a new edge node is introduced as the average of the edge's endpoints and the two new vertices of the faces joined by the edge; and for each vertex of valence n a new vertex node is computed as (Q + 2R + (n − 3)S)/n