Concept analysis of self‐mutilation

Hicks, Katy; Hinck, Susan M.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04822.x

Cited by 39 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In the light of our findings, it is reasonable to hypothesize that the addiction to SB might also involve a compromised functioning of the brain's motivational systems, including the mesocortical dopamine reward system, the endogenous opioid systems (Grigson, 2002;Volkow and Wise, 2005;Wise and Koob, 2014), and an overactivation of the stress system (Lovallo, 2006;Wise and Koob, 2014). Immediate relief of mental pain is probably associated with endogenous opioid release in the central nervous system, as is the case in self-mutilation (Hicks and Hinck, 2008). Several authors have demonstrated elevated endogenous opioid release following stressful events.…”

Section: Putative Mechanisms Involved In the Development Of Addictionmentioning

confidence: 74%

¿Están los grandes repetidores adictos a los comportamientos suicidas?

et al. 2014

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The literature provides support for the hypothesis that some major repeaters (individuals with ≥5 lifetime suicide attempts) are addicted to suicidal behavior (SB). This study explores whether major repeaters are addicted to SB or not using 7 criteria: tolerance (Criterion 1), withdrawal (Criterion 2), loss of control (Criterion 3), problems in quitting/cutting down (Criterion 4), much time spent using (Criterion 5), substantial reduction in activities (Criterion 6), and adverse physiological/physical consequences (Criterion 7). Total dependence on SB was indicated by the presence of 3 or more of the 7 criteria in the last 12 months. This cross-sectional study at Puerta de Hierro University Hospital (Madrid, Spain) recruited 118 suicide attempters including 8 major repeaters (7%, 8/118), who were all females. The association between each SB addiction criterion, physiological dependence and total dependence with major repeater status was tested for significance and for effect size with odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals. As hypothesized, major repeaters met significantly higher frequency of criteria for total dependence on SB, OR=62.9 (6.4-615). A backward stepwise logistic regression model was used to provide an OR between major repeater status and total dependence status corrected by confounding variables. Age, panic disorder without agoraphobia, borderline personality disorder, history of psychiatric inpatient admission, and total dependence on SB were introduced as independent variables with major repeater status as the dependent variable. The model selected total dependence and age as the remaining significant variables in the last step. Accordingly, major repeaters appear to be addicted to SB. Key words: major repeaters, suicidal behavior, addiction, borderline personality disorder. La escasa literatura existente sugiere que los "grandes repetidores" (individuos con 5 intentos de suicidio a lo largo de la vida) pueden ser considerados "adictos" a los comportamientos suicidas. Este estudio explora si los grandes repetidores sufren una adicción a los comportamientos suicidas usando 7 criterios: tolerancia (Criterio 1), abstinencia (Criterio 2), perdida de control (Criterio 3), problemas para dejar de tener o disminuir esos comportamientos (Criterio 4), uso de tiempo excesivo (Criterio 5), reducción importante de actividades (Criterio 6), y consecuencias físicas adversas (Criterio 7). La dependencia total a los comportamientos suicidas era diagnosticada si el sujeto cumplía 3 o más de los 7 criterios en los últimos 12 meses. Se trata de un estudio transversal realizado integramente en el Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro (Madrid, Spain), donde fueron recrutados 118 individuos que se presentaron en los servicios de urgencia por un intento de suicidio, incluyendo 8 grandes repetidores (7%, 8/118), siendo todos ellos mujeres. Se estimó si había asociaciones estadísticamente significativas y el tamaño del efecto con la razón de oportuniades y los intervalos de confianza (95%) entre cada un...

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Section: Putative Mechanisms Involved In the Development Of Addictionmentioning

confidence: 74%

¿Están los grandes repetidores adictos a los comportamientos suicidas?

et al. 2014

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“…Van Sell et al have estimated that 3 million people in the United States present self-injurious behavior, including cutting, burning, and other types of tissue destruction [4]. However, the exact prevalence of self-mutilation in the world population is uncertain and probably above the average reported [2], taking into consideration that such behaviors are not considered socially acceptable and therefore usually hidden from others [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some authors identify self-inflicted injury as a ''cry for help,'' but the behavior is also associated with shame and consequently hidden practice [1,3,5,6,16]. Self-mutilation can affect all types of people, without distinction of sex, age, socioeconomic status, or educational level [1,7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional oral self-mutilation in physically healthy pediatric patients: Case report and analysis of 27 literature cases

Hildebrand

Carvalho

Rosa

et al. 2011

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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“…5 This trend is not new or a phenomenon in adolescents; acts include cutting, burning, carving, hair pulling, inserting objects in body orifices, skin picking, and scratching. [6][7][8] Common sites of selfinjury include the arms, wrists, ankles, and lower legs. [2][3][4] Often misdiagnosed, ignored, or underreported, self-embedding behavior (SEB) is a form of self-injurious behavior involving the insertion of inanimate objects into the soft tissues, either under the skin or into muscle.…”

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confidence: 99%

Self-Embedding Behavior: A New Primary Care Challenge

Bennett¹,

Shiels

Young³

et al. 2011

Pediatrics

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Self-embedding behavior is an extreme form of self-injury involving the insertion of inanimate objects into the soft tissues, either under the skin or into muscle. To date, no case series data on this behavior among adolescents has been described in the pediatric medical literature. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:Goals of this study are to begin to develop a clinical picture of adolescents who engage in selfembedding behavior, resulting in an understanding that allows practitioners to pursue rapid and targeted intervention to interrupt the cycle of self-harm and institute appropriate longterm therapy.abstract OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to define self-embedding behavior (SEB), develop a clinical profile of adolescents who engage in SEB, and emphasize the importance of rapid, targeted, and effective identification and intervention. METHODS:As part of a retrospective study with a database evaluating 600 patients percutaneously treated for soft-tissue foreign body removal, adolescents were identified with self-embedded soft-tissue foreign bodies. We describe patients' gender, age, and psychiatric diagnoses; SEB age of onset, frequency, and self-reported reasons; and the number, type, location of, and removal technique for objects. RESULTS:Eleven patients (9 females) who engaged in SEB were identified. Ten of the 11 patients were members of a group home or psychiatric facility at the time they engaged in SEB. All patients had previous and multiple psychiatric diagnoses. SEB mean age-of-onset was 16 years, and mean number of SEB episodes per patient was 1.9. The most common self-reported purpose for SEB was suicidal ideation (6 of 8 [75%]) versus nonsuicidal ideation (2 of 8 [25%]), with 3 cases lacking this documentation. The mean number of objects embedded in a single episode was 2.4, usually composed of metal and embedded in the arm. Seventy-six foreign bodies were percutaneously removed (using ultrasound or fluoroscopic guidance), including metal, glass, wood, plastic, graphite, and crayon. CONCLUSIONS:SEB is an extreme form of self-injury requiring aggressive and timely interdisciplinary assessment and treatment. An understanding of SEB allows medical professionals to pursue rapid, targeted, and effective intervention to interrupt the cycle of self-harm and institute appropriate long-term therapy. Pediatrics 2011;127:e1386-e1391

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Concept analysis of self‐mutilation

Abstract: The theoretical definition of the concept of self-mutilation offers the basis for nurses to develop interventions to provide competent care when discovering injuries that are self-inflicted.

Cited by 39 publications

References 23 publications

¿Están los grandes repetidores adictos a los comportamientos suicidas?

¿Están los grandes repetidores adictos a los comportamientos suicidas?

Functional oral self-mutilation in physically healthy pediatric patients: Case report and analysis of 27 literature cases

Self-Embedding Behavior: A New Primary Care Challenge

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