Conceptual Design Study of Beam Window for Accelerator-Driven System

Sugawara, Takanori; Nishihara, Kenji; Obayashi, H.; Kurata, Yoshiyuki; Oigawa, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1080/18811248.2010.9720974

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Furthermore, the absolute corrosion depth of the specimen is extremely high in the present experiment, which would not be acceptable for real engineering applications. For example, one of the future ADS concepts proposed by JAEA is an LBE spallation target that requires a significant contraction of the LBE flow path at the beam window [53]. The Reynolds number at the beam window is much higher than that of the present study, and the beam window would be required to survive extreme service conditions [54].…”

Section: Comparison Of Predicted Corrosion Depth and Measured Corrosimentioning

confidence: 64%

Flow-Accelerated Corrosion of Type 316L Stainless Steel Caused by Turbulent Lead–Bismuth Eutectic Flow

Wan

Saito

2018

Metals

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Lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE), a heavy liquid metal, is an ideal candidate coolant material for Generation-IV fast reactors and accelerator-driven systems (ADSs), but LBE is also known to pose a considerable corrosive threat to its container. However, the susceptibility of the candidate container material, 316L stainless steel (SS), to flow-accelerated corrosion (FAC) under turbulent LBE flow, is not well understood. In this study, an LBE loop, referred to as JLBL-1, was used to experimentally study the behavior of 316L SS when subjected to FAC for 3000 h under non-isothermal conditions. An orificed tube specimen, consisting of a straight tube that abruptly narrows and widens at each end, was installed in the loop. The specimen temperature was 450 °C, and a temperature difference between the hottest and coldest legs of the loop was 100 °C. The oxygen concentration in the LBE was lower than 10−8 wt %. The Reynolds number in the test specimen was approximately 5 × 104. The effects of various hydrodynamic parameters on FAC behavior were studied with the assistance of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses, and then a mass transfer study was performed by integrating a corrosion model into the CFD analyses. The results show that the local turbulence level affects the mass concentration distribution in the near-wall region, and therefore, the mass transfer coefficient across the solid/liquid interface. The corrosion depth was predicted on the basis of the mass transfer coefficient obtained in the numerical simulation and was compared with that obtained in the loop. For the abrupt narrow part, the predicted corrosion depth was comparable with the measured corrosion depth, as was the abrupt wide part after involving the wall roughness effects in the prediction; for the straight tube part, the predicted corrosion depth is about 1.3–3.5 times the average experimental corrosion depth, and the possible reason for this discrepancy was provided.

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Section: Comparison Of Predicted Corrosion Depth and Measured Corrosimentioning

confidence: 64%

Flow-Accelerated Corrosion of Type 316L Stainless Steel Caused by Turbulent Lead–Bismuth Eutectic Flow

Wan

Saito

2018

Metals

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“…Table 1 summarizes the relevant specifications for the BTT based on the JAEA-ADS subcritical reactor design reported by T. Sugawara and K. Nishihara (private communication, 2021) and References [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beam physics design of a 30-MW beam transport to the target for an accelerator-driven subcritical system

et al. 2022

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The Japan Atomic Energy Agency's accelerator-driven subcritical system (JAEA-ADS) proposes the reduction of nuclear waste through the transmutation of minor actinides. The JAEA-ADS drives a 30-MW proton beam to a spallation target to produce neutrons for a subcritical 800-MWth reactor. The beam must be transported from the end of the linear accelerator (linac) to the target located inside the reactor core with high beam power stability and low peak density to ensure beam window integrity, which is a primary concern for the ADS project. Additionally, the design of the beam transport to the target (BTT) must be compatible with the established reactor design, and the elements that comprise the BTT must facilitate the maintenance and replacement of the fuel and the beam window. To this end, a robust-compact BTT design was developed through massive multiparticle simulations. First, the beam optics was optimized to guarantee beam window feasibility requirements by providing a low peak density of less than 0.3 μA/mm2. Then, beam stability was evaluated and improved by a simultaneous application of input beam and element errors. The input beam errors were based on the beam degradation obtained by implementing fast fault compensation in the linac, which is a key strategy to attain high-reliability operation. The results show that the BTT design fulfills reactor and beam window requirements for JAEA-ADS.

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“…For the material, it was found that T91 (Mod. 9Cr-1Mo) ferritic/martensitic steel was suitable as a candidate material since its mechanical strength was larger than those of austenitic steels 3,4) and its corrosion damage by LBE was relatively smaller than those of other materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The previous investigation by Sugawara et al 4) treated t 1 , t 2 , and t 3 , which were the thicknesses at the top, f ¼ 60…”

Section: Calculation Conditions (1) Ads Plantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual Design Study of Beam Window for Accelerator-Driven System

Sugawara

Nishihara

Obayashi

et al. 2010

J. Nucl. Sci. Technol.

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The conceptual design study of the beam window of the spallation target is one of the critical issues in the R&D of the accelerator-driven system (ADS). In this study, the investigation to create a feasible concept of the beam window for the ADS was performed by changing the proton beam profile from the Gaussian distribution to the parabolic and the flat distributions. Detailed analyses were performed by considering the particle transport of protons and neutrons in the spallation target region, the thermal hydraulics of lead bismuth eutectic (LBE) around the beam window, and the structural strength of the beam window. The calculation results showed that the difference in the temperature between the inner and outer surfaces at the top of the beam window was reduced by changing the beam profile from the Gaussian to the parabolic and the flat distributions. By this reduction, in the parabolic case, the thermal stress at the top position was also reduced and the buckling pressure increased by about 20%. On the other hand, in the flat case, the thermal stress at the peripheral region instead of at the central position increased and the buckling pressure slightly deteriorated. The buckling mode was also changed in the flat case. From these calculation results and discussions, it was confirmed that all three cases, the Gaussian, the parabolic, and the flat, were feasible and it was concluded that the concept with the parabolic distribution would be the most feasible under the current ADS design condition.

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Conceptual Design Study of Beam Window for Accelerator-Driven System

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Flow-Accelerated Corrosion of Type 316L Stainless Steel Caused by Turbulent Lead–Bismuth Eutectic Flow

Flow-Accelerated Corrosion of Type 316L Stainless Steel Caused by Turbulent Lead–Bismuth Eutectic Flow

Beam physics design of a 30-MW beam transport to the target for an accelerator-driven subcritical system

Conceptual Design Study of Beam Window for Accelerator-Driven System

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