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The language CTSL of specification of conceptual transition systems which are a formalism for description of dynamic discrete systems on the basis of their conceptual structure is proposed. The basic kinds of conceptual transition systems are considered. The basic predefined elements and operations of the CTSL language are defined.Keywords: transition systems, conceptual structures, ontologies, ontological elements, conceptual transition systems, conceptuals, CTSL IntroductionDevelopment of formalisms, languages and tools for describing the conceptual structure of various systems is an important problem of the modern knowledge industry. Description of changes of the conceptual structure of the system when it functions is an another important problem.The formalism of description (specification) of systems -conceptual transition systems (CTSs) -that solves these problems was proposed in [1]. To our knowledge, CTSs are the only formalism which meets the following requirements (as is shown in [1]):1. It describes the conceptual structure of the specified system. 2. It describes the content of the conceptual structure of the specified system, i. e. it describes the specified system in the context of the conceptual structure.3. It describes the change of the conceptual structure of the specified system. 4. It describes the change of the content of the conceptual structure of the specified system, i. e. it describes the change of the specified system in the context of the conceptual structure.5. It is quite universal to specify typical ontological elements (concepts, attributes, concept instances, relations, relation instances, individuals, types, domains, and so on.).6. It provides a quite complete classification of ontological elements, including the determination of their new kinds and subkinds. 7. It is based on the conception 'state -transition' of the usual transition systems, keeping * Partially supported by RFBR under grants 15-01-05974 and 15-07-04144. 56Anureev I.S. Kinds and language of conceptual transition systems their simplicity and universality and adding a conceptual 'filling'. This requirement is important since the simplicity of determination of transition systems makes them an universal formalism to describe the behavior of various systems (algorithms, programs, software models, computer systems, and so on.).8. It supports reflection of any order, i. e. allows to specify: the system (reflection of the order 0), the specification of the system (reflection of the order 1), the specification of the specification of the system (reflection of the order 2) and so on. Specifications of the higher order (with reflection of the higher order) impose restrictions on the specifications of the lower order (with reflection of the lower order).Comparison of CTSs with the formalisms such that abstract state machines [2,3], ontological transition systems [5,6] and domain-specific transition systems [7] which partially meet these requirements was made in [1].In contrast to abstract state machines [11, 12] and ontolo...
The language CTSL of specification of conceptual transition systems which are a formalism for description of dynamic discrete systems on the basis of their conceptual structure is proposed. The basic kinds of conceptual transition systems are considered. The basic predefined elements and operations of the CTSL language are defined.Keywords: transition systems, conceptual structures, ontologies, ontological elements, conceptual transition systems, conceptuals, CTSL IntroductionDevelopment of formalisms, languages and tools for describing the conceptual structure of various systems is an important problem of the modern knowledge industry. Description of changes of the conceptual structure of the system when it functions is an another important problem.The formalism of description (specification) of systems -conceptual transition systems (CTSs) -that solves these problems was proposed in [1]. To our knowledge, CTSs are the only formalism which meets the following requirements (as is shown in [1]):1. It describes the conceptual structure of the specified system. 2. It describes the content of the conceptual structure of the specified system, i. e. it describes the specified system in the context of the conceptual structure.3. It describes the change of the conceptual structure of the specified system. 4. It describes the change of the content of the conceptual structure of the specified system, i. e. it describes the change of the specified system in the context of the conceptual structure.5. It is quite universal to specify typical ontological elements (concepts, attributes, concept instances, relations, relation instances, individuals, types, domains, and so on.).6. It provides a quite complete classification of ontological elements, including the determination of their new kinds and subkinds. 7. It is based on the conception 'state -transition' of the usual transition systems, keeping * Partially supported by RFBR under grants 15-01-05974 and 15-07-04144. 56Anureev I.S. Kinds and language of conceptual transition systems their simplicity and universality and adding a conceptual 'filling'. This requirement is important since the simplicity of determination of transition systems makes them an universal formalism to describe the behavior of various systems (algorithms, programs, software models, computer systems, and so on.).8. It supports reflection of any order, i. e. allows to specify: the system (reflection of the order 0), the specification of the system (reflection of the order 1), the specification of the specification of the system (reflection of the order 2) and so on. Specifications of the higher order (with reflection of the higher order) impose restrictions on the specifications of the lower order (with reflection of the lower order).Comparison of CTSs with the formalisms such that abstract state machines [2,3], ontological transition systems [5,6] and domain-specific transition systems [7] which partially meet these requirements was made in [1].In contrast to abstract state machines [11, 12] and ontolo...
In the paper the notion of the conceptual model of a programming language is proposed. This formalism represents types of the programming language, values, exceptions, states and executable constructs of the abstract machine of the language, and the constraints for these entities at the conceptual level. The new definition of conceptual transition systems oriented to specification of conceptual models of programming languages is presented, the language of redefined conceptual transition systems CTSL is described, and the technique of the use of CTSL as a domain-specific language of specification of conceptual models of programming languages is proposed. The conceptual models for the family of sample programming languages illustrate this technique.Keywords: operational semantics, conceptual transition system, programming language, conceptual model, domain-specific language IntroductionThis paper relates to the development of operational semantics of programming languages.Following [1], we distinguish two parts of the operational semantics of a programming language. The structural part defines how the elements of the language relate to runtime elements that an abstract machine of the programming language can use at runtime. The structural part is called instantiation semantics or structure-only semantics [2]. The dynamic part describes the actual state changes that take place at runtime.In traditional operational semantics approaches [3][4][5][6], the main focus is on state changes, while the structural part is defined ad-hoc. The modern programming languages becomes more complex.Therefore, development of formalisms, languages and frameworks to describe the instantiation semantics is very important problem. These approaches do not take into account the natural conceptual nature of instantiation semantics which is easier to describe in the ontological terms of concepts, their instances and attributes.In this paper, we introduce the notion of the conceptual model of a programming language. This formalism describes the instantiation semantics at the conceptual level. The conceptual model is specified in terms of conceptual transition systems (CTSs) [11] in the language of conceptual transition systems CTSL [12]. Thus, CTSL acts as a domain-specific language oriented to specification of conceptual models of programming languages.The paper has the following structure. The preliminary concepts and notation are given in section 2. The new definition of CTSs is presented in section 3. The basic definitions of the theory of CTSs are given in sections 4 and 5. The language CTSL for redefined CTSs is described in section 6. The definition of the conceptual model of a programming language is introduced, and the technique of development of conceptual models of programming languages is illustrated by the sample programming language examples in section 7. PreliminariesThe preliminary concepts and notation are given in this section.
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