Conceptualizing the COVID-19, Opioid Use, and Racism Syndemic and Its Associations With Traumatic Stress

Hien, Denise Nguyen; Bauer, Alexandria; Franklin, Liza; Lalwani, Tanya; Pean, Kierra

doi:10.1176/appi.ps.202100070

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Another change in stressors reported over time, in both general and dedicated town halls, was the sharp increase in social and political stress reported immediately after the murder of George Floyd. Most of this increase was due to participants' experiences of or distress about racism that intersected with pandemic stress during this period, an observation consistent with reports from other scholars [ 14 , 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

The Stress and Resilience Town Hall: A systems response to support the health workforce during COVID-19 and beyond

Tebes

Awad

Connors

et al. 2022

General Hospital Psychiatry

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

The Stress and Resilience Town Hall: A systems response to support the health workforce during COVID-19 and beyond

Tebes

Awad

Connors

et al. 2022

General Hospital Psychiatry

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“…Such increases in negative overdose outcomes nationwide can potentially be explained when they are considered in conjunction with the aforementioned findings concerning potential increases in risky substance use behaviors, increases in the supply of fentanyl, and evidence of reduced harm reduction service capacities due to pandemic disruptions. The contribution of each factor cannot be disentangled through this review and key structural factors not examined here including housing, unemployment, structural racism, and incarceration also likely played a part in the steep rise in mortality [ 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ]. Finally, although data on overdose trends were clear, data on other substance use-related outcomes, such as methamphetamine-related harms (e.g., psychosis episodes), HIV, and HCV outcomes, were not reported in the reviewed studies, as these outcomes are inevitably harder to obtain in comparison to overdose data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Illicit Substance Use and the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States: A Scoping Review and Characterization of Research Evidence in Unprecedented Times

Patton

Peacock

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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We carried out a scoping review to characterize the primary quantitative evidence addressing changes in key individual/structural determinants of substance use risks and health outcomes over the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States (US). We systematically queried the LitCovid database for US-only studies without date restrictions (up to 6 August 2021). We extracted quantitative data from articles addressing changes in: (a) illicit substance use frequency/contexts/behaviors, (b) illicit drug market dynamics, (c) access to treatment and harm reduction services, and (d) illicit substance use-related health outcomes/harms. The majority of 37 selected articles were conducted within metropolitan locations and leveraged historical timeseries medical records data. Limited available evidence supported changes in frequency/behaviors/contexts of substance use. Few studies point to increases in fentanyl and reductions in heroin availability. Policy-driven interventions to lower drug use treatment thresholds conferred increased access within localized settings but did not seem to significantly prevent broader disruptions nationwide. Substance use-related emergency medical services’ presentations and fatal overdose data showed a worsening situation. Improved study designs/data sources, backed by enhanced routine monitoring of illicit substance use trends, are needed to characterize substance use-related risks and inform effective responses during public health emergencies.

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“…Nurses, who often face severe working conditions in the context of the COVID-19 and opiate overdose syndemics, are also plagued with structural, individual, and ideological racism in the workplace (Burnett et al, 2020). Although teaching about race, racism, and health in nursing gained momentum in the late 1990s (Drevdahl, 2001), there continues to be a pressing need to develop deliberate curriculum for the purpose of undoing racism, including strategies to mitigate bias within the structures of the system (Hien et al, 2021;Ricks et al, 2021). There is also a need for healthcare disciplines, like nursing, to question the limitations of research and scientific evidence intended to increase cultural competency, decrease unconscious bias, and decrease racist policies and practices when these tools are often produced by the socio-politically dominant group (Hilario et al, 2018;Sylvestre et al, 2019).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hearing Our Voices: A Descriptive Process of Using Film for Anti-racist Action in Nursing

Danda

Pitcher

Key³

2022

CJCND

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Racism in healthcare is real and it impacts nurses in ways that permeate the culture of healthcare. In the context of increasing social discourse about racism in healthcare, a group of nurses in British Columbia, Canada, felt a moral obligation to expose the social injustice of the systemic racism they had witnessed or experienced. They used film, an arts-based medium, as an innovative tool with the potential to reach an array of viewers, for this nurse activist project in anti-racist action. The creative process allowed for a racially diverse group of nurses to engage in meaningful dialogue about racism in healthcare. The purpose of this descriptive methodological article is to describe how a creative team of novice nurse filmmakers used the nursing process as a framework to carry this project from concept to execution. The stages described include the rationale for developing the film, the process of utilizing this as a means of nurse activism, and the value of using film as a strategy for social activism. Film was used to engage nurses and nursing students in anti-racist work that critically challenges the structural racism embedded in healthcare. We request that all readers view our film in conjunction with reading this article to best grasp how this article and the film complement one another because the film and article are intended to co-exist and not to exist in isolation from one another.

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Conceptualizing the COVID-19, Opioid Use, and Racism Syndemic and Its Associations With Traumatic Stress

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

The Stress and Resilience Town Hall: A systems response to support the health workforce during COVID-19 and beyond

The Stress and Resilience Town Hall: A systems response to support the health workforce during COVID-19 and beyond

Illicit Substance Use and the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States: A Scoping Review and Characterization of Research Evidence in Unprecedented Times

Hearing Our Voices: A Descriptive Process of Using Film for Anti-racist Action in Nursing

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