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PrefaceThe Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA) operates 181 schools to educate military dependents. The schools are located in 11 foreign countries, seven states, Guam, and Puerto Rico. DoDEA is committed to providing a high-quality education for the dependents of military and civilian employees. The Community Strategic Plan for school years 2013-2014 through 2017-2018 commits DoDEA to implement the Common Core State Standards in mathematics (to which DoDEA refers as the College and Career Readiness [CCR] standards). Efforts to change from the 2009 DoDEA mathematics standards to the CCR standards began in earnest during the 2014-2015 school year, with the CCR mathematics standards to be rolled out in elementary schools starting in school year 2015-2016 and scaled up the following school year to middle and high schools. This study was designed to support the transition to the new standards by examining the extent to which DoDEA's existing mathematics program was consistent with best mathematics education practices and by offering suggestions for improving the implementation of the CCR standards in mathematics. Some of the recommendations, such as aligning the CCR standards with new assessments, appear dated because, by the time the report was completed and reviewed, DoDEA had already taken some steps. The study employed a qualitative approach to examine the existing mathematics program and the initial efforts DoDEA was taking to align the mathematics program and practices with the CCR standards in mathematics.This research was sponsored by the DoDEA and conducted within the Forces and Resources Policy Center of the RAND National Defense Research Institute, a federally funded research and development center sponsored by the Office ...