Conclusion: The Development of Digital Democracy in East Asia

Kiyohara, Shoko; Maeshima, Kazuhiro; Owen, Diana

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-63682-5_8

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Taiwan, on the other hand, is moving more rapidly toward the Americanization of elections due to greater similarities with the US campaign environment. An extensive four-country comparison of Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and the United States clearly showed that the continued evolution of internet election campaigns is strongly related to the electoral and media environment (Kiyohara et al 2018).…”

Section: Welcome To the Fourth Age Of Political Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Political Communication: A 2023 Update

Esser,

Pfetsch

2024

Preprint

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In order to examine political communication comparatively, this chapter argues for a dynamic-systemic perspective. For this purpose, it outlines the model of a "political communication ecosystem." On this basis, the chapter first explains (a) institutional country differences in the relationship between politics and the media and (b) cultural country differences in the relationship between politicians and journalists. It then goes on to explain how prototypical styles and message types of (a) politicians as communicators and (b) media as communicators differ in a cross-country comparison. Finally, it explains the differences between countries in (a) the news consumption of national audiences and (b) the impact of political communication on these audiences. Taking into account recent research findings on social media, populism, disinformation, and the Ukraine invasion, the chapter concludes with implications for comparative political communication from Western and non-Western perspectives.

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Section: Welcome To the Fourth Age Of Political Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Political Communication: A 2023 Update

Esser,

Pfetsch

2024

Preprint

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“…Here, modernization and globalization are seen as two exogenous factors influencing the diffusion of reporting leading to the "Americanization" of campaign communication through similar transnational newsvalue cultures (Blumler & Gurevitch, 2001;Esser & Strömbäck, 2012;Van Aelst et al, 2018). However, others more recently have challenged this perspective, citing the impact of new regulatory environments and cultural-specific uses of new media as impacting campaign reporting (Kiyohara et al, 2018). Moreover, the broader effects of globalization on media are argued as functioning not as a homogenizing force, but one strengthening the power of local, national, and regional media systems (Flew et al, 2016); with factors such as populism leading to a reassertion of national policy and political priorities in media (Flew, 2020).…”

Section: Comparative Election Research: Tenants Assumptions and Limit...mentioning

confidence: 99%

From Political Unknown to an Unwanted Incumbent: Comparing Media Coverage of the 2020 and 2016 U.S. Presidential Election Within Nondemocratic Media

Hinck

2023

American Behavioral Scientist

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In a time of declining support for democracy and intensifying rivalry between democracies and autocracies, understanding how nondemocratic nations portray U.S. elections is vital. And yet, despite the enormous attention U.S. presidential elections attract around the world, the manner in which international media makes sense of U.S. campaigns remains unclear, with only a limited number of comparative studies conducted and even fewer looking at non-Western, nondemocratic nations. Furthermore, current comparative frameworks remain biased toward Western conceptualizations of media and their role in democratic countries, with nondemocratic or transitional democracies used to support theoretical models developed elsewhere. Thus, this study offers strategic media narratives as an alternative means to understand transnational similarities and differences in election reporting emerging from four non-Western, nondemocratic nations by comparing their coverage of the 2020 and 2016 U.S. presidential campaigns. Results show substantial shifts in the nature of coverage, albeit with some similarities between campaigns. Trump remained negatively discussed in both elections, but with reporting in 2020 associating his leadership character to his policies. Whereas Clinton was negatively covered in 2016, Biden was neutrally discussed in 2020 with focus on his character and policies drawn in contrast to Trump. Both political parties were negatively covered, with Chinese, Russian, and Iranian narratives associating Republicans and Democrats as pursing confrontational relations with each nation. Most importantly, discussions of U.S. democracy were substantially more frequent and negative in 2020 compared to 2016. Taken together, the study contributes theoretically and empirically to the study of comparative election research by theorizing the role of narratives in international campaign coverage, addressing the gap in research into nondemocratic media reporting of international elections, and provides one of the few cross-time comparisons enabling insight into the drivers of how and why coverage of U.S. elections change.

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“…In addition, comparative studies are important for researching international diffusion effects between certain groups of countries, which play a major role in election communication. A recent study by Kiyohara et al (2018) entitled ‘ Internet Election Campaigns in the United States, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan ’ has shown that although there are exchange relations between these countries, the idea of simple Americanization in the spread of digital campaign technologies is unjustified. Particularly in the case of Japan, several contextual factors work against Americanization – including draconian campaign regulations, low Facebook penetration and an unstable party system in Japan.…”

Section: The Value Of Comparative Research For Election Communication Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative international studies of election campaign communication: What should happen next?

Esser

2019

Journalism

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The article not only identifies important achievements of comparative international research of election campaign communication but also highlights their challenges. Focusing in particular on content analyses, the article finds that comparative studies examine either the messages of the news media (and here, so far, only the reporting of traditional media is considered) or the messages of the candidates (here, their social media channels are preferentially studied). The combination of both, meaning election studies that are devoted to the interplay of traditional and new channels in an international comparison, are extremely rare and should be intensified. It is encouraging that our knowledge of campaign reporting in a country-by-country comparison has increased in recent years because content analyses have increasingly concentrated on an established set of relevant reporting features – as this articles illustrates with many examples. However, more collaborative, internationally linked comparative scholarship is needed, even if the demands placed on researchers further increase as a result.

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Conclusion: The Development of Digital Democracy in East Asia

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Comparing Political Communication: A 2023 Update

Comparing Political Communication: A 2023 Update

From Political Unknown to an Unwanted Incumbent: Comparing Media Coverage of the 2020 and 2016 U.S. Presidential Election Within Nondemocratic Media

Comparative international studies of election campaign communication: What should happen next?

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