Conclusions

Application of nanotechnology in agriculture, postharvest loss reduction and food processing: food security implication and challenges

“…The differently displayed properties of materials at nano scale provided newer properties such as more strength, improved optical properties, modified antimicrobial potential, and outstanding superconductive nature (Axelos and Van De Voorde, 2017). They can adopt shapes like nanotubes, nanoparticles, nanofibers, fullerenes, nanosheets, and nanowhiskers (Cushen et al, 2012).…”

“…The prospective use of nanoscale agrochemicals such as nanofertilizers, nanopesticides, nanosensors, and nanoformulations in agriculture has transformed traditional agro-practices, making them more sustainable and efficient (Figure 3). Multiple applications of nanotechnology exist in agriculture including wastewater treatment, reducing the quality of polluted soil, enhance the productivity of crops via security in terms of sensors to detect pathogens Axelos and Van De Voorde, 2017). For instance, nanobiosensors is the wide ranging nanotools, scaffold the growth of high-tech agricultural farms and also stand proof for the practical and proposed applications of the nanotools in terms of agricultural inputs control and their management precision (Sivarethinamohan and Sujatha, 2021; Duhan et al, 2017).…”

“…The sensors are capable to respond to changes in the environment during storage (temperature, oxygen exposure, and relative humidity), degradation products, or contamination by microbes. They are also applied to respond to the presence of fungus or insects in the stored grain (Axelos and Van De Voorde, 2017). Nanosensors for grain quality observing have also been developed by using polymer nanoparticles that respond to volatile agents and other analytes in an environment of stored foods and hence detect the cause and the kind of decomposition involved (Neethirajan and Jayas, 2011).…”

“…Nanotechnology can provide a path for producing foods with outstanding quality in highly improved workable form along with induction of nutrients bioavailability. Many research investigations are focusing on increasing the application of nanotechnology for the production of crop and food processing (Abobatta, 2018;Axelos and Van De Voorde, 2017;Dasgupta et al, 2015;Peters et al, 2016). Increment in articles, intellectual property, and patents in nano-agriculture-based food with fresh research tendencies in the processing of food, nutraceutical distribution, packing, quality control, and serviceable food is a highly expanding field in nanotechnology research (Dasgupta et al, 2015).…”

Stimuli-Free Transcuticular Delivery of Zn Microelement Using Biopolymeric Nanovehicles: Experimental, Theoretical, and In Planta Studies

“…With significant progress in materials science and nanotechnology, advanced delivery systems have been suggested for agricultural applications in general and for foliar delivery in particular. − The advanced nanomaterials that have been reported to pass through plant cuticle are nanostructured liquid crystalline particles, coated gold nanoparticles, aerosol nanoparticles, etc . Specifically, for transcuticular delivery of microelements, biofunctional microgels, nanoparticle–liposome composites, and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) were reported.…”