Conclusions and Policy Implications for Cash Transfer Programmes

Winters, Paul; Davis, Benjamin; Handa, Sudhanshu; Yablonski, Jennifer; Rossi, Natalia Winder; Hypher, Nicola

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198769446.003.0014

Cited by 4 publications

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“…One possible explanation is that community-based organisations and governments in sub-Saharan Africa have developed social protection programmes to mitigate the impact of the HIV epidemic. Children, girls and women have been disproportionately impacted by HIV and are prioritised as populations to reach by many social protection programmes [33]. Zambia’s social protection programmes have historically focused on OVC; Malawi and Tanzania have focused on the poorest households [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Children, girls and women have been disproportionately impacted by HIV and are prioritised as populations to reach by many social protection programmes [33]. Zambia’s social protection programmes have historically focused on OVC; Malawi and Tanzania have focused on the poorest households [33]. In addition to these population groups, the focus of Eswatini’s social safety nets has included PLHIV, tuberculosis patients, school-going children and adolescents, and World War II survivors or their dependents [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Access to social protection by people living with, at risk of, or affected by HIV in Eswatini, Malawi, Tanzania and Zambia - results from Population-Based HIV Impact Assessments

Chipanta

Pettifor

Edwards

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We aimed to measure social protection (SP) coverage among the general population and women and men living with HIV (WLHIV, MLHV), female and male sex workers (FSW, MSW), men who have sex with men (MSM), adolescent girls young women (AGYW), and orphans vulnerable children (OVC). We used Population-Based HIV Impact Assessments data from Eswatini, Malawi, Tanzania and Zambia. We generated survey-weighted proportions for each population group receiving any SP benefits, along with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using jackknife variance estimation. The proportion reported receiving SP benefits among the general population ranged from 7.7% (95% CI: 6.7%:8.8%) in Zambia to 39.6% (95% CI: 36.8%: 42.5%) in Eswatini. SP benefits by WLHIV, MLHIV, AGYW, OVC, SW and MSM were lower than the 2017-19 global average of 45%. Data on access to SP benefits by people living with or affected by HIV from other regions is needed to estimate their SP coverage better. Keywords social protection, cash transfers, people living with HIV, sex workers, adolescent girls and young women, men who have sex with men.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Access to social protection by people living with, at risk of, or affected by HIV in Eswatini, Malawi, Tanzania and Zambia - results from Population-Based HIV Impact Assessments

Chipanta

Pettifor

Edwards

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Exploring economic empowerment and gender issues in Lesotho’s Child Grants Programme: a qualitative study

Besnier

Hlabana

Kotzias

et al. 2023

Health Policy and Planning

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Cash transfers have been increasingly used in low- and middle-income countries as a poverty reduction and social protection tool. Despite their potential for empowering vulnerable groups (especially women), the evidence for such outcomes remains unclear. Additionally, little is known about how this broad concept fits into and is perceived in such programs. For example, Lesotho’s Child Grant Program (CGP) is an unconditional cash transfer targeting poor and vulnerable households with children. The CGP has been presented as one of Lesotho’s flagship programs in developing the country’s social safety net system. Using the CGP’s early phases as a case study, this research aims to capture how program stakeholders understood and operationalized the concept of economic empowerment (especially women’s) in Lesotho’s CGP. The qualitative analysis relied on the triangulation of information from a review of program documents and semi-structured key informant interviews with program stakeholders. First, the program documents were coded deductively while the interview transcripts were coded inductively, then both materials were analyzed thematically. Finally, differences or disagreements within each theme were explored individually according to the program’s chronology, the stakeholders’ affiliation, and their role in the CGP. The complexity of economic empowerment was reflected in the diversity of definitions found in the desk review and interviews. Economic empowerment was primarily understood as improving access to economic resources and opportunities, and less so, as agency and social and economic inclusion. There were stronger disagreements on other definitions as they seemed to be a terminology primarily used by specific stakeholders. This diversity of definitions impacted how these concepts were integrated into the program, with particular gaps between the strategic vision and operational units as well as between the role this concept was perceived to play, and the effects evaluated so far.

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Myth-Busting? Confronting Six Common Perceptions about Unconditional Cash Transfers as a Poverty Reduction Strategy in Africa

Handa

Daidone

Peterman

et al. 2018

The World Bank Research Observer

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This paper summarizes evidence on six perceptions associated with cash transfer programming, using eight rigorous evaluations conducted on large-scale government unconditional cash transfers in sub-Saharan Africa under the Transfer Project. Specifically, it investigates if transfers: 1) induce higher spending on alcohol or tobacco; 2) are fully consumed (rather than invested); 3) create dependency (reduce participation in productive activities); 4) increase fertility; 5) lead to negative community-level economic impacts (including price distortion and inflation); and 6) are fiscally unsustainable. The paper presents evidence refuting each claim, leading to the conclusion that these perceptions—insofar as they are utilized in policy debates—undercut potential improvements in well-being and livelihood strengthening among the poor, which these programs can bring about in sub-Saharan Africa, and globally. It concludes by underscoring outstanding research gaps and policy implications for the continued expansion of unconditional cash transfers in the region and beyond.

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Conclusions and Policy Implications for Cash Transfer Programmes

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Access to social protection by people living with, at risk of, or affected by HIV in Eswatini, Malawi, Tanzania and Zambia - results from Population-Based HIV Impact Assessments

Access to social protection by people living with, at risk of, or affected by HIV in Eswatini, Malawi, Tanzania and Zambia - results from Population-Based HIV Impact Assessments

Exploring economic empowerment and gender issues in Lesotho’s Child Grants Programme: a qualitative study

Myth-Busting? Confronting Six Common Perceptions about Unconditional Cash Transfers as a Poverty Reduction Strategy in Africa

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