2017
DOI: 10.1128/aem.01670-17
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Concomitant Loss of the Glyoxalase System and Glycolysis Makes the Uncultured Pathogen “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” an Energy Scavenger

Abstract: Methylglyoxal (MG) is a cytotoxic, nonenzymatic by-product of glycolysis that readily glycates proteins and DNA, resulting in carbonyl stress. Glyoxalase I and II (GloA and GloB) sequentially convert MG into D-lactic acid using glutathione (GSH) as a cofactor. The glyoxalase system is essential for the mitigation of MG-induced carbonyl stress, preventing subsequent cell death, and recycling GSH for maintenance of cellular redox poise. All pathogenic liberibacters identified to date are uncultured, including "C… Show more

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Cited by 29 publications
(36 citation statements)
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“…The lack of Complex III would likely result in a decreased rate of ATP production in Lv-StB as observed in fungi with alternative oxidases that bypass Complexes III and IV (Duarte and Videira, 2009). Lv-StB may be similar to the psyllid endosymbiont “ Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus”, which has lost both key glycolysis and glyoxalase genes and instead relies on the scavenging of ATP from the host (Jain et al, 2017).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The lack of Complex III would likely result in a decreased rate of ATP production in Lv-StB as observed in fungi with alternative oxidases that bypass Complexes III and IV (Duarte and Videira, 2009). Lv-StB may be similar to the psyllid endosymbiont “ Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus”, which has lost both key glycolysis and glyoxalase genes and instead relies on the scavenging of ATP from the host (Jain et al, 2017).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Moreover, the absence in ‘ Ca. L. asiaticus ’ of genes shown to have significance for detoxification of methylglyoxal (MG; Jain et al , ) may predispose ‘ Ca. L. asiaticus ’ to MG sensitivity and thus make metabolism of glucose a suboptimal carbon source for this pathogen.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The ‘ Ca. L. asiaticus ’ genome encodes an apparently intact ATP/ADP transporter ( nttA ; Duan et al , ; Vahling et al , ; Jain et al , ), suggesting the pathogen acts like an ‘energy parasite’ by importing ATP directly from the host akin to the obligate intracellular bacteria Rickettsia prowazekii (Plano and Winkler, ; Driscoll et al , ) and Chlamydia trachomatis (Iliffe‐Lee and McClarty, ). It is possible that leaf tissue converts glucose to ATP and therefore that the increase in ‘ Ca.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The potential soil-borne nature of HLB was thought to be 365 non-credible when preliminary data were first presented at the Second International Research Conference 366 on Huanglongbing in 2011 (Nunes da Rocha et al 2011). One of the arguments for this skepticism was 367 that Las could not possibly survive in soil due to its very small genome, missing the genes for several 368 essential enzymes including those for glycolysis(Duan et al 2009; Hartung et al 2011;Jain et al 2017). 369In the meantime however, several other observations suggest the potential soil-borne nature of Las and 370 related Ca.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Liberibacter str. UFEPI, even if it could not multiply in 395 soil due to a lack of essential enzymes(Jain et al 2017). Alternatively, the pathogen could have been 396 vectored by contaminated soilborne insect vectors, nematodes or fungi, which could have transferred the 397 pathogen to young roots.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%