Objective: To analyze the association between participation and physical activity
during Physical Education classes with health outcomes in Brazilian
students.Methods: 681 Brazilian students (50.5% female) aged 10 to 17 years participated in
this cross-sectional study. Independent variables analyzed were
participation and physical activity during Physical Education classes, both
assessed using a self-report questionnaire. The outcomes were:
cardiorespiratory fitness (20-meter Shuttle Run test), muscle strength
(Push-up test), overweight and obesity (body mass index) and high blood
pressure. Statistical analysis was conducted by Poisson regression to
estimate the prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI)
adjusted for confounding variables (age, sex, parental education, physical
activity and sedentary behavior), considering the complex sample design.Results: Participation in Physical Education classes was not associated with any of
the studied variables. Being active during Physical Education classes was
associated with achieving health related criteria for cardiorespiratory
fitness (PR=1.34, 95%CI 1.16-1.55) and muscle strength (PR=1.36, 95%CI
1.09-1.71). The same did not occur for overweight (PR=1.04, 95%CI
0.95-1.14), obesity (PR=1.02, 95%CI 0.91-1.05), or high blood pressure
(PR=0.98, 95%CI 0.90-1.06).Conclusions: Students who reported being active during classes presented a higher
likelihood to achieve the health criteria for cardiorespiratory fitness and
muscle strength. However, classes traditionally offered in Brazil do not
protect students from overweight, obesity, or high blood pressure.