Concordant and Discordant Patterns of Parental Racial Socialization among Biracial Black-White Adolescents: Correlates and Consequences

Green, McKenzie N.; Christophe, N. Keita; Lozada, Fantasy T.

doi:10.1007/s10964-022-01667-5

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Scholars have more recently expanded the scope of psychometric scales to capture racial socialization around Multiracial experiences (Atkin et al, 2021; Green et al, 2022). The expansion of measurement is promising, but if the advancement of theory does not simultaneously accompany it, the gaps in our understanding of racial socialization in Multiracial‐Black families will persist.…”

Section: Racial Socialization In Multiracial‐black Familiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This excerpt further illuminates how Multiracial‐Black families practice explicit non‐verbal socialization around multiple content domains (e.g., monoracial‐Black cultural socialization and Multiracial pride reinforcement). Thus, when examining explicit racial socialization in Multiracial‐Black families, scholars must consider (1) verbal and nonverbal practices and (2) messages from various content domains (Atkin et al, 2021; Green et al, 2022).…”

Section: The Multiracial‐black Socialization Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This pattern is likely attributable to the fact that Black parents experience racism, unlike white parents, and will thus want to prepare their children for instances of it (Holloway & Varner, 2021a, 2021b). However, Black mothers and fathers can also adopt widely different approaches to racial socialization despite their shared racial background, so scholars should be careful to consider the role of parent race and gender (Green et al, 2022; McHale et al, 2006).…”

Section: The Multiracial‐black Socialization Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The final content domain of the MRB‐SM is color‐evasive socialization, which is characterized by parental efforts to rear “race‐neutral” children (Hughes & Chen, 1999; Orbe, 1999). In Multiracial‐Black families, color‐evasive socialization occurs on a spectrum ranging from (1) general color evasion, (2) identity‐specific color evasion, and (3) egalitarianism (Green et al, 2022). General color‐evasive socialization includes parents' efforts to deemphasize the importance of race and racial differences altogether (Rollins & Hunter, 2013).…”

Section: The Multiracial‐black Socialization Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like the Hughes and Chen (1999) model, the MRB-SM assumes that racial socialization in Multiracial-Black families revolves around several multi-dimensional content domains, including (a) monoracial-Black experiences, (b) Multiracial experiences, and (c) color evasiveness. The first author identified these domains based on the findings from a national cross-sectional survey (Green et al, 2022;Winchester et al, 2023), a meta-ethnographic review (Green et al, 2021), and the growing body of research on racial socialization in…”

Section: Mrb-sm Component #1: the Multi-dimensional Content Domainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Multiracial‐Black Socialization Model: Conceptualizing racial socialization in Multiracial‐Black families

Green

Bryant

2023

Family Process

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Scholars have spent the last four decades expanding the theoretical understanding of parental racial socialization—or parent–child communication about race. What is largely absent from existing conceptualizations, however, is a consideration for how the practice manifests in Multiracial families. The interracial structure of Multiracial families complicates racial socialization in ways that are not being captured in empirical research due to the overreliance on universal frameworks. It is imperative that we close this theoretical gap as the proportion of Multiracial families in the United States is expanding at record rates. Accordingly, we present the Multiracial‐Black Socialization Model (MRB‐SM) in this paper. The MRB‐SM is designed explicitly for Multiracial‐Black families, one of the fastest‐growing sub‐groups of Multiracial families. The model builds upon the strengths of universal socialization theories by outlining the content, process, and context components of racial socialization in Multiracial‐Black families. The implications for research are discussed.

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Section: Racial Socialization In Multiracial‐black Familiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Multiracial‐black Socialization Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Multiracial‐black Socialization Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Multiracial‐black Socialization Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mrb-sm Component #1: the Multi-dimensional Content Domainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Multiracial‐Black Socialization Model: Conceptualizing racial socialization in Multiracial‐Black families

Green

Bryant

2023

Family Process

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The Theory of Racial Socialization in Action for Black Adolescents and Their Families

Bynum¹

2023

Diversity and Developmental Science

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Exploring the association between parental ethnic–racial socialization and parental closeness on Black–White biracial adolescents’ choice of racial identification toward blackness.

Winchester¹,

Green²,

Jones³

2023

Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology

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Objective: To explore the influences of Black–White biracial adolescents’ choice to racially identify with Blackness, parental ethnic–racial socialization (ERS) messages, parental race, and perceived parental closeness were examined. Specifically, this study investigated how messages that promote monoracial Black pride and messages that prepare youth for monoracial Black bias may be related to adolescents’ identification with Blackness, and whether parental race or parental closeness moderated these relationships. Method: Three hundred thirty Black–White biracial adolescents (Mage = 14.82) were recruited across the United States via social media. Participants completed the Racial Socialization Questionnaire for Biracial Adolescents and a demographic questionnaire to indicate how close they felt to each parent. The analytic sample (n = 280) included respondents who racially identified as exclusively Black, blended Black, or exclusively biracial. Results: Multinomial logistic regression analyses revealed significant differences in the association between ERS messages and adolescent racial identification based on the race of the parent socializer. Further moderation analyses indicated that parental closeness, particularly regarding fathers, amplifies these findings. Conclusion: Maternal and paternal ERS messages are differentially associated with biracial adolescents’ choice of racial identification toward Blackness. interestingly, ERS messages from White parents seem to significantly influence racial identification compared to Black parents. Parental closeness further elucidates these findings.

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Concordant and Discordant Patterns of Parental Racial Socialization among Biracial Black-White Adolescents: Correlates and Consequences

Cited by 6 publications

References 46 publications

The Multiracial‐Black Socialization Model: Conceptualizing racial socialization in Multiracial‐Black families

The Multiracial‐Black Socialization Model: Conceptualizing racial socialization in Multiracial‐Black families

The Theory of Racial Socialization in Action for Black Adolescents and Their Families

Exploring the association between parental ethnic–racial socialization and parental closeness on Black–White biracial adolescents’ choice of racial identification toward blackness.

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