Concrete seawalls: A review of load considerations, ecological performance, durability, and recent innovations

Hosseinzadeh, Nima; Ghiasian, Mohammad; Andiroglu, Esber; Lamere, Joel; Rhode-Barbarigos, Landolf; Sobczak, James; Sealey, Kathleen Sullivan; Suraneni, Prannoy

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2022.106573

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Coastal erosion processes are affected by different causes, from eustatic or isostatic processes, to natural or anthropogenic decrease in sediment supply, to the construction of coastal infrastructures that alter the dynamics of the coast, which can act together or in isolation. However, seawall can be a quick and effective solution to reduce coastal erosion and protect coastal infrastructures in the short term (Hosseinzadeh et al 2022). At rst, the proposed containment work to protect the RN90 highway accelerated the erosion processes in the western portion of the seawall, where the highest erosion rates are found in this sector.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Coastal Erosion and Sediment Removal in the sand bar of the Isla Salamanca: Implications for the Barranquilla-Ciénaga Highway and coastal marine biodiversity – Colombia

Manzolli,

Cantillo-Sabalza,

Portz

2023

Preprint

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The behavior of the shoreline is one of the most changing environments on the earth's surface, characterized by the effects of coastal progradation and erosion. In the Colombian Caribbean coast there are erosive tendencies causing negative coastal morphological changes due to a marked anthropic influence. The objective of the research was to analyze the evolutionary trend of the coastline and quantify the volume of sediments removed from the beach profile, correlating the risks associated with the loss of coastal marine biodiversity in Isla Salamanca National Park. The analysis of shoreline and volume variation will be carried out in GIS using Google Earth Pro satellite images (2004, 2010, 2013, 2015, 2019 y 2021) and photogrammetric orthomosaics taken with a drone (10/2020-07/2021). From the DSM analysis it was possible to quantify the volume of sediment removed in the two sectors. Erosional processes along the Isla Salamanca coastal barrier have an average annual rate of coastal transgression of -4.8 m·yr-1, with an average retreat of -82.8 m from the shoreline. Especificamente, a análise de curto prazo mostrou que no km 29 as taxas erosivas, assim como o volume de sedimento remobilizado, são menores que nos dois setores do km 19. This heterogeneous behavior is probably associated with the lack of sediment supply east of the barrier and due to the presence of the seawall and the little slope of the coast, causing part of the sediment that reaches km 19 Sector 1 by the coastal drift to be lost to the surf zone. The protection of the highway by the breakwater at km 19 only works as a temporary protection of the highway and does not neutralize the erosive phenomenon. Erosive processes along the coastal barrier of Isla Salamanca are natural and irreversible phenomena that are directly affecting the ecosystems and marine-coastal biodiversity of Isla Salamanca National Park. However, anthropic interventions in the coastal environment can accelerate these erosive processes. An uncharacterized the landscape which, added to the natural erosive processes, produce a risk to this sensitive wetland environment. There are a variety of possible actions to reduce the effect of changes in the landscape of the Isla Salamanca Natural Park, with road relocation as a priority.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Coastal Erosion and Sediment Removal in the sand bar of the Isla Salamanca: Implications for the Barranquilla-Ciénaga Highway and coastal marine biodiversity – Colombia

Manzolli,

Cantillo-Sabalza,

Portz

2023

Preprint

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“…This new design approach would aim to enhance biological colonization of coastal engineering structures and should be considered at the project outset (Pioch et al, 2018). The geometry or the physical shape of marine infrastructure is one of the parameters that show a direct ecological effect; fishes and benthic invertebrates populate and interact in greater numbers on materials with rugose and irregular surfaces rather than a smooth, flat wall (Hosseinzadeh et al, 2022;Koraim, 2013;Perkol-Finkel and Sella, 2014;Yip, Zhang, and Chwang, 2002).…”

Section: Discussion: Ecological Considerations and Perspectives To De...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The loss of horizontal extent of coastal communities occurs with seawalls, contributing to poor ecological performance, exacerbated by increased land-based sources of pollution. One of the major reasons for the poor ecological performance of the marine infrastructure is the structural design, which is less complex than the natural communities replaced (Hosseinzadeh et al ., 2022). However, if the marine infrastructure is designed considering ecological features, natural marine habitats could be replicated which supports some species of marine life (Dyson and Yocom, 2015).…”

Section: Discussion: Ecological Considerations and Perspectives To De...mentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Improve the Bioreceptivity of Concrete Infrastructure Used in Marine Ecosystems? Literature Review for Mechanisms, Key Factors, and Colonization Effects

Hayek

Salgues

Souche

et al. 2023

Journal of Coastal Research

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Hayek, M.; Salgues, M.; Souche, J.-C.; De Weerdt, K., and Pioch, S., 2023. How to improve the bioreceptivity of concrete infrastructure used in marine ecosystems? Literature review for mechanisms, key factors, and colonization effects. Journal of Coastal Research, 39(3), 553–568. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208.With 39,400 km2 of coastal and marine areas artificialized and an increasing demand due to the growing global population—9 billion by 2050—it has become necessary to find ways to mitigate futures constructions impacts on biodiversity. This study explores how civil engineering can take further technical measures to enhance marine biodiversity, in a real and valuable “win-win” strategy. The global aim is to integrate eco-engineering practices within coastal projects and include ecological targets (e.g., the diversity and speed of biological colonization) early, at the project design stage, with the same level efforts for technical, social, and economic studies. Concrete is the most useful material for coastal infrastructure construction. Therefore, enhance its positive impact on colonization that is by far one of the key points for developers and coastal managers. To this end, the latest research regarding the bioreceptivity of concrete is reviewed, focusing on the characteristics of the marine environment that affect the colonization of concrete and the organisms involved. From this base of publications, the intrinsic and environmental parameters that can influence the intrinsic and the extrinsic bioreceptivity of concrete have been updated, specifically operating the link with the mechanisms leading to the colonization of concrete and biofilm formation, which hasn't been done before. Based on the persistence of their significant effect (after 78 days of immersion in seawater), the intrinsic parameters that support greater biocolonization are classified from more to less effective in the following order: surface roughness (190%) > chemical composition (slag cement instead Portland cement) (136%) > chemical composition (presence of formwork oil) (106%). Lastly, both the ecological effect and the positive and negative effects of biofilm formation on the durability of concrete were analysed to provide clear and operational results for future concrete coastal construction implementation for decision makers.

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“…While a vast body of literature exists on wave force and stability issues in the design of breakwaters [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], together with the parameterization of overtopping for simple seawall shapes [15][16][17], a few studies have been dedicated to the shape optimization [18]. Most existing seawalls can be classified as vertical, sloping, stepped, or curved types (these latter include the so-called ''non-overtopping" design) [19][20][21][22][23][24]. Furthermore, the seawall effectiveness is strongly dependent on the local deployment and hydrodynamic conditions, making direct comparisons delicate [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Curved seawalls are generally designed to promote destructive interaction between the incoming and reflected waves, and to reduce impact pressure [28]. While curved walls are expected to show better performance, they are more complex to build and maintain [24].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal Defences on Low-Lying Reef Flats: A Laboratory Study of Seawall Shape and Position

Rossignol

Sous

2022

JMSE

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The present study reports on a series of laboratory experiments aiming to understand and to optimize the deployment of seawall defences over low-lying coral reef flats. The study is performed in a purely cross-shore configuration, with varying wave forcing, water depth, and seawall shapes and positions along the reef flat. The observations reveal the individual and combined effects of the external parameters. A higher seawall efficiency is reached for low waves, shallow water depth, seaward position, and a stepped seawall shape. A dimensionless formulation is proposed to predict the short wave transmission coefficient dependency on the seawall freeboard, incoming wave height, berm width, and seawall shape.

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Concrete seawalls: A review of load considerations, ecological performance, durability, and recent innovations

Cited by 25 publications

References 103 publications

Assessing Coastal Erosion and Sediment Removal in the sand bar of the Isla Salamanca: Implications for the Barranquilla-Ciénaga Highway and coastal marine biodiversity – Colombia

Assessing Coastal Erosion and Sediment Removal in the sand bar of the Isla Salamanca: Implications for the Barranquilla-Ciénaga Highway and coastal marine biodiversity – Colombia

How to Improve the Bioreceptivity of Concrete Infrastructure Used in Marine Ecosystems? Literature Review for Mechanisms, Key Factors, and Colonization Effects

Coastal Defences on Low-Lying Reef Flats: A Laboratory Study of Seawall Shape and Position

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