Concurrent Cross-Validation of the Self-Appraisal Questionnaire: A Tool for Assessing Violent and Nonviolent Recidivism and Institutional Adjustment on a Sample of North Carolina Offenders

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine whether the Self-Appraisal Questionnaire (SAQ), a tool that was found to be reliable and valid for assessing violent and nonviolent recidivism and institutional adjustment for Canadian offenders, would also be valid for the same purposes with a demographically different population of North Carolina offenders. The internal consistency alphas and SAQ total and subscale scores' correlations were high. Offenders with high SAQ total scores had significantly more violent offenses, had more total number of past offenses, had higher numbers of past arrests, and had more institutional infractions than those with low SAQ scores. There were no significant differences between the responses of the African American and Caucasian offenders on the SAQ scales. These results support previous findings regarding the reliability and validity of the SAQ for assessing recidivism and institutional adjustment and suggest that the SAQ could be used with diverse populations.

Cross-Validation of the Self-Appraisal Questionnaire: A Tool for Assessing Violent and Nonviolent Recidivism With Female Offenders

“…The second goal was to determine if the SAQ is valid for use with White, African American, and Asian female offenders. Based on previous results (Loza, Conley, & Warren, 2004b;Loza et al, 2004a), it was hypothesized that the SAQ would be valid for use with White, African American, and Asian female offenders. Table 1 provides a summary of participant characteristics.…”

Examining violence among Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity state hospital inpatients across multiple time points: the roles of criminogenic risk factors and psychiatric symptoms

“…The SAQ produces a Total score and 7 subscale scores subscales (ie, Alcohol and Drug Abuse, Anger, Antisocial Associates, Antisocial Personality Disorder, Conduct Problems, Criminal History, and Criminal Tendencies). This measure has evidenced adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha ranging from .69 to .88), 20,21 and concurrent and predictive validity for assessing recidivism. 22 High SAQ Total scores are associated with significantly higher rates of violent offenses and institutional infractions, as well as a greater frequency of previous offenses and arrests, 20 reconviction, 21 and reincarceration.…”

Offenders with Mental Disorders in a South African Prison Population: Profiling the Behavioural Characteristics on Mental Illness

“…The SAQ is a self-administered questionnaire comprising seven subscales which are focused on the application of the principles of risk, need and responsivity to offender assessment (cf. Loza, 2003;Loza, Conley & Warren, 2004;Loza, Cumbleton, Shahinfar, Evans, Conley, & Summers, 2004): namely Criminal Tendencies, Antisocial Personality Problems, Conduct Problems, Criminal History, Alcohol and Drug Abuse, Antisocial Associates, and Anger (Loza, 2005).…”