Concurrent hyperthyroidism and thyroid carcinoma

Abstract

Between 1986 and 1991, thyroidectomy was performed on 138 patients with hyperthyroidism. Thyroid carcinoma was found in eight patients (5.8 per cent). Eighty (58.0 per cent) of the 138 patients had toxic nodular goitre, 33 (23.9 per cent) toxic diffuse goitre and 25 (18.1 per cent) toxic adenoma. Concurrent carcinoma was more frequent in patients with toxic adenoma (8 per cent) than in those with Graves' disease (6 per cent) and toxic nodular goitre (5 per cent). Papillary carcinoma was found in seven patients and follicular carcinoma in one. Three papillary carcinomas were occult with a diameter less than 1.5 cm. Five patients received 100 mCi 131I after operation. There was no morbidity. During follow-up of 10-45 months, there was neither death nor recurrence.

Hyperfunctioning Thyroid Adenoma Concomitant with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma, Follicular Thyroid Adenoma and Primary Hyperparathyroidism.

“…This mutation is also observed in some differentiated thyroid carcinoma [8,9]. A higher rate of the coexistence of occult carcinoma in functional thyroid autonomy than in Graves' disease has recently been reported by several independent groups [3][4][5]. These results indicate that the functioning thyroid adenoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma imbedded therein could be etiologically linked in some cases.…”

“…The prevalence of thyroid carcinoma concurrent with hyperthyroidism has been independently reported by several groups [3][4][5]. Interestingly, all groups noted a higher rate of associated malignancy in functional autonomy (toxic nodular goiter and toxic adenoma) than in Graves' disease, implying that thyroid carcinomas and functional nodules are etiologically related in some cases.…”

Functioning Thyroid Carcinoma Occurring in Graves' Disease: A Report of One Case and Review of the Literature

“…23 The fact that carcinoma was not suspected clinically in this case is not surprising. In a review of 138 thyrotoxic patients reported by Terzioglu et al, 24 thyroid carcinoma was found in eight patients. None of the patients was suspected of having carcinoma before or during operation.…”

Rate of Malignancy in Exophytic Thyroid Nodules

“…US is a non-invasive, cheap, easy and sensitive method for detection of thyroid nodules. Although the diagnostic value of US to differentiate between benign and malignant nodules is limited, some US features were reported to be associated with a higher risk of malignancy (2). These features are hypoechoic pattern, solid texture, presence of microcalcification, absence of peripheral halo, marginal irregularity, ratio of anterior-posterior to transvers diameter > 1, increased vascularity, and high strain index in elastosonography (3).…”