Concussion disclosure in middle and high school youth: Who gets the message and are they trained to receive it?

Wicklund, Alissa H.; Coatsworth, J. Douglas

doi:10.1177/2059700220924499

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…Third, the lack of knowledge of concussion policy does not equate to the lack of knowledge on concussion. However, we have previously shown that in addition to not knowing about school policy, parents are less educated on topics related to concussion than school personnel, for example (Wicklund & Coatsworth, 2020). While analysis of policy content is beyond the scope of this article, other research has demonstrated significant variability in the school concussion policy even within the same states (Coxe et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

School Concussion Policy in Colorado: Lack of Knowledge and Access Are Barriers to Education

Wicklund¹,

Andrews²,

Coatsworth

2020

The Journal of School Nursing

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All states have youth sports concussion laws that have helped shape school concussion policy. However, state laws do not specify how schools distribute policy. The present study examined parent, youth, and school personnel’s knowledge of school concussion policy in Colorado and ease of access to policy via school website. Youth ( n = 1,987), parents ( n = 520), and school personnel ( n = 130) completed an online survey about knowledge of their schools’ concussion policy. Less than half of parents (48.9%) and students (43.0%) knew their school had a policy. School personnel were aware of the policy (96%). Among youth, rates of knowledge differed across gender, school level, and sport participation. Forty-nine percent of school district websites contained information on concussion. There are gaps in knowledge of concussion policy for youth and their parents. Teachers, administrators, coaches, and school nurses, who are educated on policy, could help facilitate communication. School websites are not being fully utilized to disseminate concussion policy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

School Concussion Policy in Colorado: Lack of Knowledge and Access Are Barriers to Education

Wicklund¹,

Andrews²,

Coatsworth

2020

The Journal of School Nursing

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“…It is unclear from the findings in this study whether the higher prevalence of self-reported sports- self-reported sports- or physical activity–related concussion among middle students was driven primarily by a greater susceptibility to brain injury due to neurobiological factors, 1 differing reporting behaviors between middle and high school students, 47 or other factors that may affect concussion rates (eg, participation in team sports and physical activity, 13 exposure to multiple sources of concussion education, 41 and social ecological factors 23,42 ). Future studies could explore these factors and inform concussion safety interventions for middle school students.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Sports-Related Concussions and Adverse Health Behaviors Among Middle and High School Students

2023

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Background: Concussions affect millions of youths in the United States each year, and there is concern about long-term health effects from this injury. Purpose: To examine the association between sports- or physical activity–related concussion and health risk behaviors among middle and high school students in 9 states. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Data from the 2019 middle school and high school Youth Risk Behavior Survey were used for this analysis. Nine states were identified that included the same question on concussion and similar questions on health risk behaviors in their 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Students were asked to self-report whether they had ≥1 sports- or physical activity–related concussions during the 12 months preceding the survey. Self-reported concussion was the primary outcome of interest. Other variables included sex, race/ethnicity, played on a sports team, were physically active 5 or more days/week, ever tried cigarette smoking, ever used an electronic vapor product, academic grades, drank alcohol, were in a physical fight, seriously considered attempting suicide, made a suicide plan, and attempted suicide. Results: Among the 9 states, 18.2% of middle school students and 14.3% of high school students self-reported ≥1 sports- or physical activity–related concussions. Among both middle school and high school students, the prevalence of ≥1 sports- or physical activity–related concussions was higher among students who played on a sports team, were physically active 5 or more days per week, had ever tried cigarette smoking, had ever used an electronic vapor product, had seriously considered attempting suicide, had made a suicide plan, and had attempted suicide compared with those who had not engaged in those behaviors. The prevalence of sports- or physical activity–related concussion was consistently higher among middle school students than high school students across sex, race/ethnicity, and adverse health behaviors. Conclusion: Middle school students with a history of concussion warrant attention as an at-risk population for concussions and adverse health behaviors. Health care providers may consider screening students for adverse health behaviors during preparticipation examinations and concussion evaluations.

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“…In addition, younger athletes more often report their suspected concussion to their parents, who receive less concussion specific training; whereas, older high school athletes more often report to coaches and athletic trainers. 8 Therefore, recepients of disclosure may also influence concussion diagnosis, especially in younger athletes. Importantly, despite initial investigations of athletic injury at the youth level, 22 more studies investigating the epidemiology of injury in youth sports would add to our understanding of the burden of concussion in youth athletes and direct preventative efforts in this setting.…”

Section: O N L I N E F I R S Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concussion Nondisclosure in Youth Sports

Bretzin

Anderson

Bhandari

et al. 2022

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Studies regarding sport-related concussion (SRC) reporting behaviors and reasons for nondisclosure primarily focus on older athletic populations. Youth athletes participating in contact sports are also at risk for SRC; however, little is known about their SRC disclosure patterns and reasons for nondisclosure. Objective: To examine self-reported SRC history and reasons for SRC nondisclosure of youth athletes ages 8-14 years. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Youth athletes in organized football, ice hockey, lacrosse, and soccer. Patients or Other Participants: 411 youth athletes (male: 70.0% (n=287/410); median age: 11 (IQR 10-13) years). Main Outcome Measures: A 15-minute survey including self-reported demographics, diagnosed and non-disclosed SRC history, and reasons for nondisclosure of suspected SRCs. Results: Ten percent of respondents (n=41/411) recounted one or more diagnosed SRC; 12.7% (n = 52/411) did not report a suspected SRC, and 13.1% (n = 53/404) indicated they continued to practice and 12.3% (n = 50/425) reported they continued to play in a game after a suspected SRC. Significant associations between sport and nondisclosure exisited (p < .001), but not self-reported concussion history (p = .14). In sex comparable analyses boys lacrosse players had higher frequency of nondisclosure compared to girls (p = .05). Most common reasons for nondisclosure were not wanting to lose playing time 66.7% (n=32/48), miss a game 56.3% (n=27/48), and let the team down 43.8% (n=21/48); and uncertainty over injury severity and presence of SRC 43.8% (n=21/48). Conclusions: Ten percent of youth athletes self-reported at least one diagnosed SRC. However, youth athletes also report continuing to practice or play within a game after a suspected SRC. Reasons for nondisclosure at this age are similar to those reported in high school and college athletes. Recent research suggests negative consequences of continued play with SRC, especially in acute stages. Future educational initiatives should emphasize these risks, and focus on reasons why athletes of both sexes withhold reporting.

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Concussion disclosure in middle and high school youth: Who gets the message and are they trained to receive it?

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

School Concussion Policy in Colorado: Lack of Knowledge and Access Are Barriers to Education

School Concussion Policy in Colorado: Lack of Knowledge and Access Are Barriers to Education

Sports-Related Concussions and Adverse Health Behaviors Among Middle and High School Students

Concussion Nondisclosure in Youth Sports

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