Concussion Levels Determined by HPR Windshield Impacts

Hodgson, V. R.; Thomas, L. M.; Brinn, Jule

doi:10.4271/730970

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…AIS, çarpışma sonucu yaralanan hastanın yaralanma şiddeti skoru (ISS) hesaplamasının temelidir [4]. Baş koruması için tavsiye edilen HIC [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], bütün kukla model büyüklükleri için uygun bir şekilde ölçeklendirilmiştir. SNPRM Nij 1,0 boyun kriteri, kritik değeri ile birlikte bütün kukla modeller için tavsiye edilmektedir.…”

Section: Teori̇k öZet (Theoretical Summary)unclassified

Önceden Tasarlanmış Elektromobil Bir Aracın Çarpışma Analizi

Yıldırım

Özcan²,

Aktaş

2020

Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part C: Tasarım Ve Teknoloji

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In scope of this study, frontal collision of a pre-engineered electromobile vehicle to straight rigid wall is examined via ANSYS Workbench LS-DYNA computer aided engineering (CAE) software. The data obtained are compared with the critical limit values accepted by various authorities and the inferences were made regarding the injury status of dummy. Figure A. Crash moment of numerical model to the wallPurpose: Main objective of this study was to examine different collision scenarios of a preengineered vehicle with a dummy including the usage of seat belt and various structural material types in a numerical analysis platform.Theory and Methods: Internationally accepted injury criteria (HIC: Head Injury Criteria, CSI: Chest Severity Index and Axial Femur Forces) which will be the objective assessment tool for obtained results, are briefly explained. Technical data of electromobile vehicle and DC engine are provided. Orthotropic, isotropic and anisotropic material parameters of numerical model are tabulated. This section also includes initial and boundary conditions and mesh structure used in ANSYS Workbench LS-DYNA. Results:In terms of axial femur forces, seat belted dummy models are subjected to lower axial forces for all kinds of structural material scenarios in comparison to unbelted dummy model (Unbelted dummy right femur: from -2,47 kN up to -5,48 kN; left femur: from -1,56 kN up to -4,02 kN. Belted dummy right femur: from 1,6 kN up to 3,75 kN, left femur: from 1,93 kN up to 3,28 kN). Resultant head and chest and injury criteria of belted dummies are far higher (from 220,8 up to 1355) than unbelted ones (between 168,7 and 209,1). Conclusion:Under the light of the presented results, the first thing that draws attention is that head and chest injury parameters are lower in models without seat belt compared to models with seat belt. This situation, which initially convinces one to perceive that models without seat belts are safer, actually demonstrates the life-saving feature of the seat belt. The dummy model strain in the models with seat belts has been excessive due to the fact that the seat belt overcomes the inertia of the dummy model. In models without seat belts, the dummy model continued its movement towards the front of the vehicle while maintaining its inertia. Therefore, their head and chest strain parameters were lower than the models with seat belts.In models without a seat belt, the feet of the dummy model directly hit the support plate, causing huge forces and moments to occur. In this case, the feet were severely damaged, the ankles turned upside down and the solution could not be continued. Assuming that the solution continues, it is straightforward to estimate that models without seat belts will be thrown out of the vehicle and they would be exposed to a serious injury risk.

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Section: Teori̇k öZet (Theoretical Summary)unclassified

Önceden Tasarlanmış Elektromobil Bir Aracın Çarpışma Analizi

Yıldırım

Özcan²,

Aktaş

2020

Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part C: Tasarım Ve Teknoloji

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“…[2][3][4]7 Acceleration of the cadaveric head was measured during a fixed impact time to yield a HIC score. The skulls were then assessed for the presence or absence of skull fractures.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…For example, the Head Injury Criterion (HIC) and Chest Gravity Score (CGS) measure acceleration of the head and chest, respectively, over a fixed time period during a crash test. [2][3][4] For purposes of the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards, HIC and CGS are measured in a frontal impact collision with a vehicle traveling at 35 mph striking a fixed barrier. 5 The 35-mph change in velocity (DV) is a standardized component of the crash test scenario.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The New Car Assessment Program: Does It Predict the Relative Safety of Vehicles in Actual Crashes?

Nirula

Mock

Nathens

et al. 2004

The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care

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Ranges of Injury Risk Associated with Impact from Unmanned Aircraft Systems

et al. 2017

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Regulations have allowed for increased unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) operations over the last decade, yet operations over people are still not permitted. The objective of this study was to estimate the range of injury risks to humans due to UAS impact. Three commercially-available UAS models that varied in mass (1.2–11 kg) were evaluated to estimate the range of risk associated with UAS-human interaction. Live flight and falling impact tests were conducted using an instrumented Hybrid III test dummy. On average, live flight tests were observed to be less severe than falling impact tests. The maximum risk of AIS 3+ injury associated with live flight tests was 11.6%, while several falling impact tests estimated risks exceeding 50%. Risk of injury was observed to increase with increasing UAS mass, and the larger models tested are not safe for operations over people in their current form. However, there is likely a subset of smaller UAS models that are safe to operate over people. Further, designs which redirect the UAS away from the head or deform upon impact transfer less energy and generate lower risk. These data represent a necessary impact testing foundation for future UAS regulations on operations over people.

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Concussion Levels Determined by HPR Windshield Impacts

Cited by 18 publications

References 4 publications

Önceden Tasarlanmış Elektromobil Bir Aracın Çarpışma Analizi

Önceden Tasarlanmış Elektromobil Bir Aracın Çarpışma Analizi

The New Car Assessment Program: Does It Predict the Relative Safety of Vehicles in Actual Crashes?

Ranges of Injury Risk Associated with Impact from Unmanned Aircraft Systems

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