Concussion Rates in U.S. Middle School Athletes, 2015–2016 School Year

Kerr, Z Y; Cortés, Nelson; Caswell, Amanda; Ambegaonkar, Jatin P.; Kr, Hallsmith; Af, Milbert; Sv, Caswell

doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2017.05.017

Cited by 59 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Concussion incidence rates by gender were not calculated in this study due to the lack of gender-specific denominator data; however, current literature has suggested female student-athletes tended to have higher concussion rates than male student-athletes when playing similar sports (Halstead and Walter 2010;Kerr et al 2017;O'Connor et al 2017), although male student-athletes sustained more concussions overall (Halstead and Walter 2010;Resch et al 2017). Therefore, analysis of concussion rates by gender, are worthy of further study, with more symptoms assessed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In 2016, CDC proposed a national concussion surveillance system (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) n.d.). This study is one of multiple attempts to address gaps in youth concussion and symptom surveillance in the U.S. (Kerr et al 2017;O'Connor et al 2017) Also in 2016, a statewide registry based at the University of Texas -Southwestern was established to track concussions among student-athletes in Texas; it was the largest statewide effort to date to track concussions among student-athletes (UT Southwestern Medical Center 2018). Both NJ (Shendell et al 2018;Shendell et al 2019) and Texas (UT Southwestern Medical Center 2018) could serve as potential models for similar systems in other states as well as for the CDC's proposed national system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence reporting via online high school concussion surveillance by certified athletic trainers and school nurses, 2015–2018

et al. 2020

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Background: There is an increasing concern over adolescent concussions in sports due to risks of long-term negative effects. This study analyzed data over three school years on reported concussion incidence rates by season, high school grade levels and gender, and reported symptoms by school nurses versus athletic trainers, from New Jersey student-athlete concussion data available from an online school-based surveillance system. Methods: School nurses and athletic trainers reported 300 concussions within five days from when each occurred over three school years, 2015-2018, in team sports and physical education in New Jersey high schools. Analysis was further conducted on symptoms and number of symptoms reported by school nurses versus school athletic trainers for each documented student-athlete concussion. Estimated concussion incidence rates were calculated using state agency verified school enrollment data. Findings: Concussions most commonly occurred during fall, followed by spring, then winter. Concussion incidence rates ranged from 6.3/1000 (4.99, 7.55) -9.1/1000 (7.27, 10.98) students over the three school years of the study. Athletic trainers completed 86% of the reports while nurses completed 11% (position or title of 3%, or n = 7, were not disclosed); the values were similar when considering only fall pre-season and regular season sports (88, 10, 2%, respectively). On average, across the three school years, athletic trainers reported about 3.5 symptoms per report while nurses reported 2.7 (values in fall seasons only were 3.7 and 3.1, respectively.) Conclusions: Certified athletic trainers, compared to school nurses, more often completed concussion report forms and reported more symptoms per injured student, perhaps due partly to closer contact and immediate care provided after injury. Additionally, this study had a higher concussion incidence rate during fall sports seasons compared to winter and spring. Future research can further improve our understanding of concussions among adolescent student-athletes to better inform concussion identification, management and recovery protocols.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence reporting via online high school concussion surveillance by certified athletic trainers and school nurses, 2015–2018

et al. 2020

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“…Second, alongside surveillance efforts within middle school, high school, and recreational league/club sport settings, (Pierpoint et al 2018;Kerr et al 2016;Dompier et al 2015;Kerr et al 2017) interest in applied field research is growing. With such research, scientists may lack a degree of experimental oversight (e.g., inability to control for all extraneous variables, consistency in exposure to intervention across/within sites).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaching community priorities in youth sports injury prevention research

et al. 2020

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Background: Research in youth sports is often complex. As interest in youth sports injury prevention grows, scientists should consider community priorities beyond a specific research study. Main text: This commentary discusses the authors' personal experiences researching concussion prevention in middle school sports, as the overarching community faced multiple challenges. These challenges included a series of weather-related emergencies that resulted in a shift in the community's priorities, multi-day school closures, and cancellations of sports activities and meetings. We discuss the importance of considering community priorities and providing support as scientists, colleagues, and members of the communities in which we conduct research. Conclusion: Scientists should consider the changing circumstances and dynamics surrounding community priorities in order to help drive their research-based decisions and ensure successful and respectful applications of research based on community values and priorities.

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“…Several studies have highlighted the potential for serious neurological injuries and injuries to the neck and spine. [5][6][7][8][9] from cheerleading activity. The literature has documented that concussion risk is a concerning and continuing health risk for cheerleaders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The literature has documented that concussion risk is a concerning and continuing health risk for cheerleaders. 9 The purpose of this brief report is to describe concussion injuries and mechanisms for injuries from cheerleading related activity reported from Emergency Rooms in the United States for the years 2009-2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Concussions Among Pediatric Cheerleaders in the United States, 2009-2018

Jones

Hammig

2020

MRAJ

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Cheerleading is a popular activity in the United States with an estimated 4 million participants from Elementary school age to College. While cheerleading can be a safe activity, it can also result in injury ranging from minor sprains to serious neurological conditions and even death. One severe outcome of cheerleading is concussions. The purpose of this study is to review epidemiological data related to the descriptive factors and mechanisms of concussion as a result of cheerleading. Data was obtained from the Consumer Product Safety Commissions National Electronic Surveillance System for the years 2008 through 2019. The narrative portion of the data was used to identify mechanism of the concussion. Concussion injuries related to cheerleading activity has increased every year from 2009-2017. The majority of concussion (83%) occurred between the ages of 12 and 17 with 98% occurring to females. The mechanism most cited from the narrative for concussions were falls (52.2%) followed by having another cheerleader fall on the injured cheerleader (13.6%). Other common mechanisms included head to head collision, hit by elbow to the head and hit by knee to the head. More interesting findings identified the cheerleaders were in a 'pyramid' or 'formation' preceding the concussion. The conclusions identifies potential prevention strategies to address and reduce concussions among cheerleaders including reducing the height of cheerleading activities, providing protective equipment to the elbows and potential elimination of dangerous routines.

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Concussion Rates in U.S. Middle School Athletes, 2015–2016 School Year

Cited by 59 publications

References 21 publications

Incidence reporting via online high school concussion surveillance by certified athletic trainers and school nurses, 2015–2018

Incidence reporting via online high school concussion surveillance by certified athletic trainers and school nurses, 2015–2018

Approaching community priorities in youth sports injury prevention research

Epidemiology of Concussions Among Pediatric Cheerleaders in the United States, 2009-2018

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