Condensed Tannin Changes along the Digestive Tract in Lambs Fed with Sainfoin Pellets or Hazelnut Skins

Abstract

The variable anthelmintic efficacy of condensed tannins (CT) against gastrointestinal nematodes may depend on CT concentration, composition, or fate along the digestive tract. We analyzed CT concentration and composition by acetone-HCl-butanol and thiolysis coupled to HPLC-MS in digesta and feces of lambs. Lambs had been infected with Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis and received sainfoin pellets and hazelnut skins of contrasting prodelphinidin/procyanidin ratios. The digesta and feces had lower CT concentrations than the original feeds but similar concentration patterns across the digestive compartments. The changes in assayable CT concentrations between rumen, abomasum, and small intestine may be due to complex formation between CT and other dietary components. However, the large CT disappearance (61-85%) from feed to feces could also indicate that CT may have been structurally modified, degraded, or absorbed during digestion. Interestingly, there were no changes in the structural features of assayable CT in the digesta.

Carotenoids and Liposoluble Vitamins in the Plasma and Tissues of Light Lambs Given Different Maternal Feedings and Fattening Concentrates

“…In addition, the presence of polyphenols or sainfoin CT could also contribute to the α-tocopherol deposition in the muscle. Metabolites of sainfoin CT have been detected in the rumen, abomasum, and small intestine of lambs [ 37 ] and, therefore, further research is required to elicit whether they can be deposited in the tissues of lambs. None of the modified signals of the metabolites detected by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry in the polar fraction of the muscle of lambs on alfalfa and sainfoin diets corresponded to the metabolites of proanthocyanidins, but there were differences between them in the metabolites related to the fat metabolic fate [ 38 ].…”

Benefits of Condensed Tannins in Forage Legumes Fed to Ruminants: Importance of Structure, Concentration, and Diet Composition

“…According to results from the HCl-butanol-acetone or thiolysis assays, fermentation can reduce "apparent" CT concentrations by 30 or 85%, respectively, in silages (Mena et al, 2015;Ramsay et al, 2015) and the gut (Desrues et al, 2017;Quijada et al, 2018). According to results from the HCl-butanol-acetone or thiolysis assays, fermentation can reduce "apparent" CT concentrations by 30 or 85%, respectively, in silages (Mena et al, 2015;Ramsay et al, 2015) and the gut (Desrues et al, 2017;Quijada et al, 2018).…”

“…Work has started on determining how fermentation affects CT concentrations and bioactivities. According to results from the HCl-butanol-acetone or thiolysis assays, fermentation can reduce "apparent" CT concentrations by 30 or 85%, respectively, in silages (Mena et al, 2015;Ramsay et al, 2015) and the gut (Desrues et al, 2017;Quijada et al, 2018). However, despite these apparent losses, sericea lespedeza and sainfoin silage extracts and silages still exerted anthelmintic effects in vitro by inhibiting the exsheathment of H. contortus L3 larvae and in vivo by lowering adult worm burden and fecal egg counts (Heckendorn et al, 2006;Manolaraki, 2011;Terrill et al, 2016).…”

Anthelmintic and antioxidant potential of banana bracts (Musa paradisiaca) extract in ruminants

“…Considering that condensed tannins are identified as promising substances for the control of helminths ( ST T U et al, 2017;QUIJADA et al, 2015;QUIJADA et al, 2018;SHALDERS et al, 2014;SPIEGLER;LIEBAU;HENSEL, 2017;YOSHIHARA et al, 2013), the levels of condensed tannins present in 10 mg/mL HEB, may represent another important factor to justify the continuation of the present study.…”