Condensed Tannin Concentration of Rhizomatous and Nonrhizomatous Birdsfoot Trefoil in Grazed Mixtures and Monocultures

Wen, L.; Roberts, C. A.; Williams, J. E.; Kallenbach, Robert L.; Beuselinck, P. R.; McGraw, R. L.

doi:10.2135/cropsci2003.0302

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Previous work with the birdsfoot trefoil cultivars used in this study showed that the condensed tannin concentration in ARS‐2622 is higher than in Norcen (18). However, the similar levels of birdsfoot trefoil in the esophageal samples collected from heifers grazing both of these cultivars suggested that condensed tannin concentration did not influence animal selection.…”

Section: Birdsfoot Trefoil Selection By Heifersmentioning

confidence: 60%

Cattle Preferentially Select Birdsfoot Trefoil from Mixtures of Tall Fescue and Birdsfoot Trefoil

Wen

Williams

Kallenbach

et al. 2004

Forage grazinglands

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When birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) is interseeded into tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) pastures, animal performance often exceeds that expected based on forage samples taken from the pasture. This may be due to cattle (Bos taurus) preferentially selecting birdsfoot trefoil from mixed pastures. Our objective was to investigate the selectivity for birdsfoot trefoil by cattle grazing tall fescue‐birdsfoot trefoil pastures. Treatments were ‘Phyter’ tall fescue sown in a monoculture and in mixtures with ‘ARS‐2622’ and ‘Norcen’ birdsfoot trefoil. Beef heifers fitted with esophageal cannulas grazed pastures in the spring and autumn of 1998 and again in spring 1999. In the tall fescue‐birdsfoot trefoil mixtures, the amount of birdsfoot trefoil on‐offer showed a 73% reduction during the study, but the amount of birdsfoot trefoil in esophageal samples declined by an average of only 22%. Although the percentage of birdsfoot trefoil in mixed pastures often declines over time, its value may be underestimated because animals selectively graze this species when its proportion in pastures is low.

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Section: Birdsfoot Trefoil Selection By Heifersmentioning

confidence: 60%

Cattle Preferentially Select Birdsfoot Trefoil from Mixtures of Tall Fescue and Birdsfoot Trefoil

Wen

Williams

Kallenbach

et al. 2004

Forage grazinglands

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“…Once intercept and slope shifts for the individual environments were removed, linear regressions with maturity score explained about 78% the variation in CT content. not be affected by the presence of other plant species in the sward (Marshall et al, 2010;Wen et al, 2003). Accounting for maturity score effects on CT in each of the 10 environments narrowed the range, but had little effect on the ranking of BFT cultivars for adjusted CT content (Table 4).…”

Section: Results and Discussion Dmy Morphological Development And Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield, Morphological Characteristics, and Chemical Composition of European‐ and Mediterranean‐Derived Birdsfoot Trefoil Cultivars Grown in the Colder Continental United States

et al. 2014

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North American birdsfoot trefoil (BFT, Lotus corniculatus L.) cultivars such as Norcen produce forage with low condensed tannin (CT) concentrations that may be insufficient for optimal livestock performance. Our objective was to identify European‐ and Mediterranean‐derived cultivars with higher CT concentrations that would be suitable for production in the colder continental United States. One alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and 14 BFT cultivars were established during 2005 in MI, UT, WI, and WV and harvested under a two‐ or three‐cut management to determine herbage chemical composition in 2006 and dry matter yield (DMY) in 2006 and 2007. During 2006, variances in crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and acid detergent lignin (ADL) were mainly influenced by location‐harvest environments, while CT was influenced by both cultivar and environment. Earlier‐maturing cultivars such as Bokor, AU Dewey, Rodeo, and Grasslands Goldie produced herbage with relatively high CT concentrations, but not undesirably low CP or high NDF, ADF, and ADL concentrations compared with Norcen BFT or alfalfa. By the second full production year in 2007, total DMY in UT exceeded WI by twofold and MI by ninefold, and total DMY of the moderate CT‐containing cultivar Lotar surpassed most other cultivars, suggesting it may be well suited for forage production in the United States. Yields of alfalfa in all environments exceeded BFT by about 1.5‐fold. Additional studies are needed to identify optimal CT concentrations in BFT for ruminants and to improve the compositional uniformity and yield of harvested BFT in various environments.

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“…The accumulated experimental evidence for and against the so-called plant defense theory [15][16][17][18] is equivocal 19,20 and its usefulness for the practical application in agronomy disputable 14 . Previous studies of seasonal fluctuations of tannin concentrations in forage plants yielded conflicting results 14,[21][22][23][24] and mechanisms driving seasonal and developmental dynamics of tannin concentrations under field conditions are not yet well understood. Based on an experiment with potted Onobrychis viciifolia and Lotus corniculatus, it has been suggested that fluctuations in condensed tannin concentrations in harvestable aboveground biomass are functions of biomass proportions between tannin-rich leaves and tannin-poor stems in pure stands, and of biomass proportions between tanniferous and non-tanniferous plant species in mixed stands 14 .…”

Section: Plant Sciences and Forage Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tanniferous forage plants: Agronomic performance, palatability and efficacy against parasitic nematodes in sheep

Häring

Scharenberg

Heckendorn

et al. 2008

Renew. Agric. Food Syst.

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Tanniferous forage plants can have beneficial effects on ruminant productivity and health (improved protein supply, bloat safety and antiparasitic properties). However, condensed tannins can also lower palatability, voluntary feed intake and digestibility. The aim of our interdisciplinary project was to generate basic knowledge on plant management, feed palatability and the antiparasitic properties of tanniferous forage plants for their practical application in agronomy, focusing on their usefulness in controlling gastrointestinal nematodes in organic farming. We found that Onobrychis viciifolia (sainfoin), Lotus corniculatus (birdsfoot trefoil) and Cichorium intybus (chicory) were suitable for cultivation under the given temperate climatic conditions, whereas Lotus pedunculatus (big trefoil) was soon outcompeted by unsown species. Growing the tanniferous plant species in a mixture with Festuca pratensis (meadow fescue) rather than in a monoculture had the advantage of increasing total dry matter (DM) yield (especially in the case of tanniferous legumes) and of reducing the DM proportions of unsown species. However, due to dilution by non-tanniferous F. pratensis, the tannin concentrations of mixtures were clearly lower and the seasonal fluctuations in tannin concentrations greater than that of monocultures. Across species, tannin concentrations were highest for O. viciifolia, followed by L. corniculatus and very low for C. intybus. Palatability of all tanniferous forages was comparable to that of a ryegrass/clover mixture when fed as dried forage and, when offered as silage, palatability of O. viciifolia was clearly superior to that of the respective ryegrass/clover control. Administration of dried or ensiled O. viciifolia reduced parasite egg counts in feces of lambs co-infected with the gastrointestinal nematode species Haemonchus contortus and Cooperia curticei. We conclude that O. viciifolia is the most promising among the tested tanniferous forage plant species due to its suitability for cultivation, its high tannin concentration, its high palatability and its antiparasitic activity even in dried or ensiled form.

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Condensed Tannin Concentration of Rhizomatous and Nonrhizomatous Birdsfoot Trefoil in Grazed Mixtures and Monocultures

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Cattle Preferentially Select Birdsfoot Trefoil from Mixtures of Tall Fescue and Birdsfoot Trefoil

Cattle Preferentially Select Birdsfoot Trefoil from Mixtures of Tall Fescue and Birdsfoot Trefoil

Yield, Morphological Characteristics, and Chemical Composition of European‐ and Mediterranean‐Derived Birdsfoot Trefoil Cultivars Grown in the Colder Continental United States

Tanniferous forage plants: Agronomic performance, palatability and efficacy against parasitic nematodes in sheep

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