Condensed tannin levels and resistance of groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea) against Aphis craccivora

Grayer, Renée J.; Kimmins, F. M.; Padgham, D. E.; Harborne, Jeffrey B.; Rao, D. Vijaya

doi:10.1016/s0031-9422(00)97530-7

Cited by 62 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…A síntese e o acúmulo de taninos nos tecidos foliares são muito importantes na indução de resistência das plantas aos insetos herbívoros, podendo ser regulada por fatores ambientais como composição mineral (Bialczyk et al 1998). Grayer et al (1992) atribuíram a diminuição da fecundidade do pulgão Aphis craccivora Koch em amendoim à presença de taninos nas folhas e Bialczyk et al (1999) verifi caram 1 Médias seguidas de mesma letra na coluna não diferem estatisticamente pelo teste de Scott & Knott (P 0,05). 2 Médias não signifi cativas pelo teste F (P 0,05).…”

Section: Desenvolvimento Dos Pulgõesunclassified

Uso de silício como indutor de resistência em batata a Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Gomes¹,

Moraes²,

Santos³

et al. 2008

Neotrop. entomol.

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-The aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) is an important pest of potato and causes direct harm, due to the quantity of sap extracted and for being vector of important phytovirus. This work was carried out to evaluate the action of silicon as a resistance inducer of potato to M. persicae. Four treatments were tried: foliar fertilization with silicon acid at 1%; soil fertilization with 250 ml silicic acid solution at 1%; foliar fertilization with silicon acid at 1% + soil fertilization with 250 ml silicic acid solution at 1%; and a control. The treatments were applied thirty days after the explants emergence. Fifteen days after the application of the treatments, feeding preference and some biological aspects of the aphids were evaluated. After, the content of tannins and lignin present in the leaves and the activity of the enzymes peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase were also determined. The silicon fertilization did not affect the preference of the aphids; however it reduced fecundity and the rate of population growth of the insects. The lignin percentage increased in the leaves of plants fertilized with silicon via soil and/or foliar and the percentage of tannins increased only in the leaves fertilized via soil plus foliar. The silicon acted as a resistance inducer to M. persicae in potato.KEY WORDS: Silicic acid, aphid, induced resistance, IPM RESUMO -O pulgão Myzus persicae (Sulzer) é uma importante praga da batateira, causando danos diretos pela quantidade de seiva extraída e por ser vetor de importantes fi tovírus. Este trabalho foi realizado para verifi car a atuação do silício como indutor de resistência em batata a M. persicae. Foram utilizados quatro tratamentos: adubação foliar com solução de ácido silícico a 1%; adubação via solo com 250 ml de solução de ácido silícico a 1%; adubação foliar com solução de ácido silício a 1% + adubação via solo com 250 ml de solução de ácido silícico a 1%1; e a testemunha. Os tratamentos foram aplicados trinta dias após a emergência das brotações. Após quinze dias da aplicação dos tratamentos avaliou-se a preferência e alguns aspectos biológicos do pulgão. Posteriormente foi feita a quantifi cação do teor de taninos e de lignina presentes nas folhas e a determinação das atividades das enzimas peroxidase e fenilalanina amônia-liase. A adubação silicatada não afetou a preferência dos pulgões, porém diminuiu a fecundidade e a taxa de crescimento populacional dos insetos. A percentagem de lignina aumentou nas folhas das plantas adubadas com silício via solo e/ou foliar e a porcentagem de taninos aumentou apenas nas folhas das plantas adubadas via solo + foliar. O silício atuou como indutor de resistência a M. persicae em batata.

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Section: Desenvolvimento Dos Pulgõesunclassified

Uso de silício como indutor de resistência em batata a Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Gomes¹,

Moraes²,

Santos³

et al. 2008

Neotrop. entomol.

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“…In P. aquilinum, procyanidins and cyanogenesis were deterrents against the phytophagous locust, Schistocerca gregaria, and also sheep and deer (Cooper-Driver et al, 1977). In groundnut, procyanidin polymer in leaves was found to be deterrent against the aphid, Aphis craccivora (Grayer et al, 1992). These proanthocyanidins are not completely characterized.…”

Section: Feeding Deterrentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arachys hypogaea (Leguminosae) Aphis craccivora (Grayer et al, 1992) fisetin, 5,7,2´,3´-tetrahydroxyflavone, luteolin, eriodictyol, orobol, isoorientin, maysin, maysin 3´-methyl ether, scutellarein, isoscutellarein, hypolaetin 3´,4´-dimethyl ether, tricetin, robinetin, quercetin, taxifolin, quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside, taxifolin 3-Orhamnoside, quercetin 3-O-rutinoside, D-catechin, myricetin commercial agents Heliothis zea (Elliger et al, 1980a…”

Section: Procyanidin Polymermentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoid Function and Activity to Plants and Other Organisms

Iwashina

2003

Biol. Sci. Space

153

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Flavonoid compounds distribute widely in vascular plants and Bryophytes, and ca. 5,000 kinds have been reported as naturally occurring substances. Many biological activities of the flavonoids were found until now. They include pollinator attractants, oviposition stimulants, feeding attractants and deterrents, allelopathy and phytoalexins. This paper reviews function and activity of flavonoids against plants and other organisms.Key words: flavonoids, pollinator attractants, feeding attractants and deterrents, allelopathy, phytoalexins di-P-coumaroylglucoside) and quercetin 3-O-(3´´,6´´-di-P-coumaroylglucoside) in Pinus sylvestris (Pinaceae) (Jungblut et al., 1995), quercetin 3-O-galactoside, myricetin 3-O-rutinoside and two P-coumaroyl kaempferol 3-Oglucoside in Quercus ilex (Fagaceae) (Skaltsa et al., 1994), and glycosides of quercetin, apigenin and luteolin in Olea europea (Oleaceae) (Karabourniotis et al., 1992) The occurrence of anthocyanins as pollinator attractants is well-known as a function of the flavonoids in plants. Additionally, it is known that flavones and flavonols, which can hardly see by human eyes, also act as pollinator attractants in addition to visible anthocyanins. Recently, other functions, oviposition stimulants, feeding attractants, feeding deterrents, allelopathy and phytoalexins of naturally occurring flavonoids, were found by many authors.In this paper, the flavonoid function and activity to plants and other organisms are reviewed.

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“…Secondary metabolites apparently act as defense (against herbivores, microbes, viruses, or competing plants) and signaling (to attract pollinating or seed-dispersing animals) compounds, as well as protecting the plant from ultraviolet radiation and oxidants (Swain, 1977;Kutchan, 2001). Phenolics are known to inhibit the feeding of many insects and have demonstrated toxicity (Grayer et al, 1992). The first stage of the defense mechanism of plants involves rapid accumulation of phenols at the infection site, which function to slow down the growth of the pathogens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relations between downy/powdery mildew diseases andsome phenolic compounds in Vitis spp.

Atak¹,

Göksel²,

Çelik³

2017

Turk J Agric For

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IntroductionIt is known that grapes are among the most important fruits for human health and their importance arises not only from nutritional value but also their natural phenolic compounds (Baydar, 2006a). Phenolic compounds are plant secondary metabolites that constitute one of the most common and widespread groups of substances in plants (Whiting, 2001). Plants need phenolic compounds for pigmentation, growth, reproduction, resistance to pathogens, and many other functions (Oksana et al., 2012). Plant phenolics are secondary metabolites that encompass several classes of structurally diverse natural products (Lattanzio et al., 2006). Secondary metabolites apparently act as defense (against herbivores, microbes, viruses, or competing plants) and signaling (to attract pollinating or seed-dispersing animals) compounds, as well as protecting the plant from ultraviolet radiation and oxidants (Swain, 1977;Kutchan, 2001). Phenolics are known to inhibit the feeding of many insects and have demonstrated toxicity (Grayer et al., 1992). The first stage of the defense mechanism of plants involves rapid

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Condensed tannin levels and resistance of groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea) against Aphis craccivora

Cited by 62 publications

References 14 publications

Uso de silício como indutor de resistência em batata a Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Uso de silício como indutor de resistência em batata a Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Flavonoid Function and Activity to Plants and Other Organisms

Relations between downy/powdery mildew diseases andsome phenolic compounds in Vitis spp.

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