Condensin II initiates sister chromatid resolution during S phase

Ono, Takao; Yamashita, Daisuke; Hirano, Takeshi

doi:10.1083/jcb.201208008

Cited by 85 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…A recent study has shown that condensin II initiates its action during S phase and counteracts cohesin-mediated cohesion (Fig. 3B) (Ono et al 2013). A combination of two functional assays, premature chromosome condensation (PCC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), revealed that condensin II associates with duplicated regions of chromosomes and promotes their "resolution" during S phase.…”

Section: Condensin II Initiates Its Action Long Before Entry Into Mitmentioning

confidence: 90%

Chromosome Dynamics during Mitosis

Hirano

2015

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol

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The primary goal of mitosis is to partition duplicated chromosomes into daughter cells. Eukaryotic chromosomes are equipped with two distinct classes of intrinsic machineries, cohesin and condensins, that ensure their faithful segregation during mitosis. Cohesin holds sister chromatids together immediately after their synthesis during S phase until the establishment of bipolar attachments to the mitotic spindle in metaphase. Condensins, on the other hand, attempt to "resolve" sister chromatids by counteracting cohesin. The products of the balancing acts of cohesin and condensins are metaphase chromosomes, in which two rod-shaped chromatids are connected primarily at the centromere. In anaphase, this connection is released by the action of separase that proteolytically cleaves the remaining population of cohesin. Recent studies uncover how this series of events might be mechanistically coupled with each other and intricately regulated by a number of regulatory factors.

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Section: Condensin II Initiates Its Action Long Before Entry Into Mitmentioning

confidence: 90%

Chromosome Dynamics during Mitosis

Hirano

2015

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol

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“…It was also speculated that promotion of the ssDNA annealing by Smc2/Smc4 could be required to remove "leftover" products of interphase processes, such as DNA-RNA hybrids, from mitotic chromosomes to facilitate their faithful segregation (38). This scenario might be related to the initiation of sister chromatid resolution during the S phase by condensin II (39).…”

Section: Volume 290 • Number 49 • Decembet 4 2015mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Basis for Dimer Formation of Human Condensin Structural Maintenance of Chromosome Proteins and Its Implications for Single-stranded DNA Recognition

Uchiyama

Kawahara

Hosokawa

et al. 2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Eukaryotic structural maintenance of chromosome proteins (SMC) are major components of cohesin and condensins that regulate chromosome structure and dynamics during cell cycle. We here determine the crystal structure of human condensin SMC hinge heterodimer with ϳ30 residues of coiled coils. The structure, in conjunction with the hydrogen exchange mass spectrometry analyses, revealed the structural basis for the specific heterodimer formation of eukaryotic SMC and that the coiled coils from two different hinges protrude in the same direction, providing a unique binding surface conducive for binding to single-stranded DNA. The characteristic hydrogen exchange profiles of peptides constituted regions especially across the hinge-hinge dimerization interface, further suggesting the structural alterations upon single-stranded DNA binding and the presence of a half-opened state of hinge heterodimer. This structural change potentially relates to the DNA loading mechanism of SMC, in which the hinge domain functions as an entrance gate as previously proposed for cohesin. Our results, however, indicated that this is not the case for condensins based on the fact that the coiled coils are still interacting with each other, even when DNA binding induces structural changes in the hinge region, suggesting the functional differences of SMC hinge domain between condensins and cohesin in DNA recognition.

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“…In addition to its role in mitotic chromosome condensation, chromosome shape, and controlling recombination, Condensin II has also been implicated in DNA replication and damage repair ( 12 ). In particular, Condensin II functions in the resolution of sister chromatids immediately following replication in S-phase ( 13 ). Despite these roles for Condensin II, we know little about how it is recruited to specifi c genomic locations, such as repetitive sequences, to carry out these functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haploinsufficiency of an RB–E2F1–Condensin II Complex Leads to Aberrant Replication and Aneuploidy

et al. 2014

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Genome instability is a characteristic of malignant cells; however, evidence for its contribution to tumorigenesis has been enigmatic. In this study, we demonstrate that the retinoblastoma protein, E2F1, and Condensin II localize to discrete genomic locations including major satellite repeats at pericentromeres. In the absence of this complex, aberrant replication ensues followed by defective chromosome segregation in mitosis. Surprisingly, loss of even one copy of the retinoblastoma gene reduced recruitment of Condensin II to pericentromeres and caused this phenotype. Using cancer genome data and gene-targeted mice, we demonstrate that mutation of one copy of RB1 is associated with chromosome copy-number variation in cancer. Our study connects DNA replication and chromosome structure defects with aneuploidy through a dosage-sensitive complex at pericentromeric repeats. SIGNIFICANCE:Genome instability is inherent to most cancers and is the basis for selective killing of cancer cells by genotoxic therapeutics. In this report, we demonstrate that instability can be caused by loss of a single allele of the retinoblastoma gene that prevents proper replication and condensation of pericentromeric chromosomal regions, leading to elevated levels of aneuploidy in cancer. Cancer Discov; 4(7); 840-53.

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Condensin II initiates sister chromatid resolution during S phase

Abstract: Condensin II initiates structural reorganization of duplicated chromosomes during S phase to prepare for their proper condensation and segregation in mitosis.

Cited by 85 publications

References 42 publications

Chromosome Dynamics during Mitosis

Chromosome Dynamics during Mitosis

Structural Basis for Dimer Formation of Human Condensin Structural Maintenance of Chromosome Proteins and Its Implications for Single-stranded DNA Recognition

Haploinsufficiency of an RB–E2F1–Condensin II Complex Leads to Aberrant Replication and Aneuploidy

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