Condensin-mediated chromosome organization and gene regulation

Lau, Alyssa C.; Csankovszki, Györgyi

doi:10.3389/fgene.2014.00473

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…elegans , knockdown of condensin II specific subunit KLE-2 suggested that condensin II is also repressive [ 26 ]. Condensins have been implicated in transcriptional regulation in other organisms, but the molecular mechanisms by which condensins regulate transcription remain unknown (reviewed in [ 27 ]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Dynamics of X-Chromosome Dosage Compensation by the DCC and H4K20me1 in C. elegans

et al. 2015

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In Caenorhabditis elegans, the dosage compensation complex (DCC) specifically binds to and represses transcription from both X chromosomes in hermaphrodites. The DCC is composed of an X-specific condensin complex that interacts with several proteins. During embryogenesis, DCC starts localizing to the X chromosomes around the 40-cell stage, and is followed by X-enrichment of H4K20me1 between 100-cell to comma stage. Here, we analyzed dosage compensation of the X chromosome between sexes, and the roles of dpy-27 (condensin subunit), dpy-21 (non-condensin DCC member), set-1 (H4K20 monomethylase) and set-4 (H4K20 di-/tri-methylase) in X chromosome repression using mRNA-seq and ChIP-seq analyses across several developmental time points. We found that the DCC starts repressing the X chromosomes by the 40-cell stage, but X-linked transcript levels remain significantly higher in hermaphrodites compared to males through the comma stage of embryogenesis. Dpy-27 and dpy-21 are required for X chromosome repression throughout development, but particularly in early embryos dpy-27 and dpy-21 mutations produced distinct expression changes, suggesting a DCC independent role for dpy-21. We previously hypothesized that the DCC increases H4K20me1 by reducing set-4 activity on the X chromosomes. Accordingly, in the set-4 mutant, H4K20me1 increased more from the autosomes compared to the X, equalizing H4K20me1 level between X and autosomes. H4K20me1 increase on the autosomes led to a slight repression, resulting in a relative effect of X derepression. H4K20me1 depletion in the set-1 mutant showed greater X derepression compared to equalization of H4K20me1 levels between X and autosomes in the set-4 mutant, indicating that H4K20me1 level is important, but X to autosomal balance of H4K20me1 contributes only slightly to X-repression. Thus H4K20me1 by itself is not a downstream effector of the DCC. In summary, X chromosome dosage compensation starts in early embryos as the DCC localizes to the X, and is strengthened in later embryogenesis by H4K20me1.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Dynamics of X-Chromosome Dosage Compensation by the DCC and H4K20me1 in C. elegans

et al. 2015

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“…In C. elegans and other organisms, condensins have been linked to the regulation of transcription (Iwasaki et al 2010;Lau and Csankovszki 2014;Wang et al 2017;Swygert et al 2018). Our data indicate that the global gene expression program is largely unaffected by condensin depletion in cycling yeast.…”

Section: ; Kakuimentioning

confidence: 75%

Condensin Depletion Causes Genome Decompaction Without Altering the Level of Global Gene Expression inSaccharomyces cerevisiae

et al. 2018

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Condensins are broadly conserved chromosome organizers that function in chromatin compaction and transcriptional regulation, but to what extent these two functions are linked has remained unclear. Here, we analyzed the effect of condensin inactivation on genome compaction and global gene expression in the yeast by performing spike-in-controlled genome-wide chromosome conformation capture (3C-seq) and mRNA-sequencing analysis. 3C-seq analysis shows that acute condensin inactivation leads to a global decrease in close-range intrachromosomal interactions as well as more specific losses of interchromosomal tRNA gene clustering. In addition, a condensin-rich interaction domain between the ribosomal DNA and the centromere on chromosome XII is lost upon condensin inactivation. Unexpectedly, these large-scale changes in chromosome architecture are not associated with global changes in mRNA levels. Our data suggest that the global transcriptional program of proliferating is resistant to condensin inactivation and the associated profound changes in genome organization.

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“…In C. elegans and other organisms, condensins have been linked to the regulation of transcription (38,79,80). Our data indicate that the global gene expression program is largely unaffected by condensin depletion in yeast.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Acute condensin depletion causes genome decompaction without altering the level of global gene expression inSaccharomyces cerevisiae

Paul

Markowitz

Hochwagen

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Condensins are broadly conserved chromosome organizers that function in chromatin compaction and transcriptional regulation, but to what extent these two functions are linked has remained unclear. Here, we analyzed the effect of condensin inactivation on genome compaction and global gene expression in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Spike-in-controlled 3C-seq analysis revealed that acute condensin inactivation leads to a global decrease in close-range chromosomal interactions as well as more specific losses of homotypic tRNA gene clustering. In addition, a condensin-rich topologically associated domain between the ribosomal DNA and the centromere on chromosome XII is lost upon condensin inactivation. Unexpectedly, these large-scale changes in chromosome architecture are not associated with global changes in transcript levels as determined by spike-in-controlled mRNA-seq analysis. Our data suggest that the global transcriptional program of S. cerevisiae is resistant to condensin inactivation and the associated profound changes in genome organization.

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Condensin-mediated chromosome organization and gene regulation

Cited by 19 publications

References 69 publications

Developmental Dynamics of X-Chromosome Dosage Compensation by the DCC and H4K20me1 in C. elegans

Developmental Dynamics of X-Chromosome Dosage Compensation by the DCC and H4K20me1 in C. elegans

Condensin Depletion Causes Genome Decompaction Without Altering the Level of Global Gene Expression inSaccharomyces cerevisiae

Acute condensin depletion causes genome decompaction without altering the level of global gene expression inSaccharomyces cerevisiae

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