Condiciones Médicas, Síntomas de Ansiedad y Depresión Durante la Pandemia por COVID-19 en una Muestra Poblacional de Lima, Perú

Krüger-Malpartida, Hever; Arévalo-Flores, Martín; Anculle-Arauco, Víctor; Dancuart-Mendoza, Mauricio; Pedraz-Petrozzi, Bruno

doi:10.1016/j.rcp.2022.04.004

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The information of this study is based on a database of online survey studies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Some results of this survey study are reported elsewhere (7,18,19). For this study, some methodological aspects, mainly concerning participants' recruitment, the description of the online survey, and the questionnaires (especially CPDI), are also included.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These online surveys were carried out using an open-access internet-based program (Google Forms, Google Inc, USA). Questions concerning socio-economic status (i.e., age, gender, education), past medical history (i.e., presence of medical conditions, number of medical conditions), and psychometric data (CPDI scale, anxiety and depression symptoms) were included (7,18,19).…”

Section: B Online Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, we applied the Generalized anxiety disorder -7 items (GAD-7) to assess the anxiety symptoms, which is also validated in Peru (25). The GAD-7 shows a score ranging from 0 to 21 points, also showing a signi cant internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89) and de ning different severity categories, such as minimal (0 to 4 points), mild (5 to 10 points), moderate (11 to 15 points), and severe (16 to 21 points) (7,18,19,25).…”

Section: Depressive and Anxious Symptomatologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study was not nanced by any industry, society, company, or educational institution. Moreover, no outside institution in uenced the study design (7,18,19).…”

Section: A Study Design and Participation Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this purpose, we evaluated depressive symptoms using the Patient health questionnaire -9 items (PHQ-9), validated in Peru (24). PHQ-9 scores ranged between 0 and 27 points, showing a signi cant internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.87) and de ning different severity grades (minimal -1 to 4 points-, mild -5 to 9 points-, moderate -10 to 14 points-, and severe -15 to 27 points-) (7,18,19,24). In addition, we applied the Generalized anxiety disorder -7 items (GAD-7) to assess the anxiety symptoms, which is also validated in Peru (25).…”

Section: Depressive and Anxious Symptomatologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Construct validity of the COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) in a Peruvian sample during COVID-19 lockdown and its relationship with anxiety and depression using structural equation modeling

Pedraz-Petrozzi

Böttcher

Arévalo-Flores

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: The main aims of this study were to adapt the COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) to the Peruvian population and to establish a model explaining depression using CPDI values and anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown. Finally, we sought predictive values of the obtained CPDI factors for depression and anxiety as a secondary aim. Materials and Methods: An exploratory factor analysis (n = 300) was performed, followed by confirmatory factor analysis in a second phase (n = 1135). To explain depression scores during the COVID-19 pandemic, we performed structural equation modeling (SEM). Finally, we performed a hierarchical regression model (HRM) to evaluate the amount of explained variance of the CPDI factors above depression, anxiety, and sociodemographic variables. Results: A 2-factor solution (ruminationand stress) for the CPDI (p < 0.001; CFI = 0.99) was found. Concerning the SEM, our model was able to explain 81% of the depression scores (p < 0.001; CFI = 0.98). Finally, in the HRM, rumination could explain 17% additional variance in depression (p < 0.001) and 28% in anxiety (p < 0.001). However, stress showed collinearity with depression and anxiety, not continuing for further HRM analysis. Conclusions: Our results showed a 2-factor solution for the CPDI. Moreover, our SEM model showed that female sex, younger age, and incomplete education (with high COVID-related stress and anxiety) lead to more depression symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown. Finally, our HRM showed that people who frequently ruminate during the COVID-19 lockdown are more afraid and negatively affected.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Online Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Depressive and Anxious Symptomatologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study was not nanced by any industry, society, company, or educational institution. Moreover, no outside institution in uenced the study design (7,18,19).…”

Section: A Study Design and Participation Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%