Condições socioeconômicas e saúde das famílias portadoras de anemia falciforme

Abstract

A anemia falciforme é doença hereditária caracterizada pela alteração dos glóbulos vermelhos do sangue, tornando-os parecidos com uma meia lua. A pesquisa teve como objetivo mostrar as condiçoes socioeconômicas das famílias com doença falciforme moradoras na comunidade quilombola Negros do Riacho, no município de Currais Novos, Rio Grande do Norte. Adotou-se uma abordagem qualiquantitativa. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas no domicílio dos participantes, após a assinatura do TCLE. Os resultados mostraram que a proporção de mulheres é maior. Aqueles que se situam entre os 26 e os 35 anos somam 38,8%. A maioria é casada, possui o ensino fundamental e ganha até um salário mínimo. A água consumida não recebe qualquer tratamento.É oriunda exclusivamente de poço. Por não existir coleta pública de lixo, o depósito é feito a céu aberto e apenas 5,6% incinerado. Apenas 11,2% dos doentes já fizeram ou fazem algum tipo de tratamento. Conclui-se que há relação entre as condições socioeconômicas e a incidência e prevalência da anemia falciforme. Sugerem-se apoio financeiro e logístico para o desenvolvimento de estudos/diagnósticos nessa comunidade, alertando as autoridades para que intervenham de forma contínua e sistemática na prevenção, tratamento e controle de anemia falciforme.

Social implications in the lives of people with sickle cell anemia / Implicações sociais na vida da pessoa com anemia falciforme

“…On the other hand, a study conducted in Rio Grande do Norte with approximately 100 people revealed that (72.2%) of the participants received some type of social benefit, however, most referred to the benefit as the only source of family income. 10,11 With regard to education, it is noteworthy that none of the participants were in the school year according to their age and failure was more frequent in people aged 18 or older. Consistent data was found in the literature, which points out that (38.3%) of adult sickle cell patients in Brazil had low education, a situation that will possibly reflect in their lives as adults.…”

“…The work, in general, contributes decisively to their insertion in society, helping them in maintaining their health. 11,15 Regarding the profession, a study found that (72.2%) have their family income derived from some type of social benefit, of the (38.3%) who worked, only (5.5%) were formal jobs. Proving that sickle cell anemia is a chronic disease that causes limitation from the socioeconomic point of view.…”

“…It is worth noting that Piauí is the only state in the Northeast of Brazil that does not have a specific health coordination for sickle-cell diseases, and neither is the State Program of Comprehensive Care for People with Disease and Other Hemoglobinopathies implemented, which justifies the lack of data on people diagnosed and monitored based on the policy. 11 Therefore, patients should receive comprehensive care, primarily in the specialized public service; however, most of the time, they are presented as the responsibility of blood centers only, which makes the other services unaware or even ignore the attention to sickle cell anemia. Thus, fragmented care is given priority over comprehensive care, linked to the basic health network.…”

Descrição do serviço de gestão da condição da saúde voltado a crianças recém-diagnosticadas com doença falciforme

“…4,16 As an alternative to this adversity, the guardians are instructed to boil water as recommended by the Ministry of Health. 17,18 It was identified that a minority of patients reported some adverse event related to the use of SCD medications, and this is due to the fact that this information was spontaneously reported. Common adverse reactions caused by phenoxymethylpenicillin are diarrhea, epigastric discomfort, nausea, vomiting; and those caused by folic acid are bad taste in the mouth, loss of appetite and nausea.…”