Conditional hyperthermia in response to atropine associated with a hypothermic drug

Taukulis, Harald K.

doi:10.1007/bf00179185

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The purpose of Experiment 5 was to evaluate immunological conditioning with yet another CS for CY. There is evidence that associations readily form between sequentially presented drugs (e.g., Lett, 1983;Revusky, 1985a;Taukalis, 1982Taukalis, , 1986aTaukalis, , 1986b. For example, Siegel (1988) recently demonstrated that pentobarbital-morphine pairings are readily established.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditional immunomodulation following training with cyclophosphamide.

MacQueen¹,

Siegel²

1989

Behavioral Neuroscience

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In 5 experiments, paired-group rats received a conditional stimulus (CS) paired with the immunosuppressive drug cyclophosphamide (CY). In Experiments 1-3, the CS was saccharin (SAC). Consistent with previous reports, these rats acquired a SAC aversion. However, there was no evidence of conditional immunosuppression. Rather, when reexposed to SAC in conjunction with an antigenic challenge, paired-group rats evidenced hemagglutination antibody titers similar to those seen in rats that never received the immunosuppressant. That is, the usual effect of CY in compromising immunological functioning was attenuated or eliminated by the CY-paired flavor. The findings of Experiments 1-3 were confirmed in Experiments 4-5, which used nongustatory CSs. Both audiovisual (noise and flashing-light) and pharmacological (pentobarbital) cues were also effective signals for CY injection. Following pairing with CY, these cues protected animals from the immunosuppressive effects of the drug.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditional immunomodulation following training with cyclophosphamide.

MacQueen¹,

Siegel²

1989

Behavioral Neuroscience

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“…It will be seen that we interpret the results of our Experiment 3 in agreement with this conjecture. Other demonstrations of conditioning as a result of drug-drug pairings are in a series of reports by Taukulis (1982Taukulis ( , 1986aTaukulis ( , 1986b in which body temperature was the measure. For instance, when pentobarbital is paired with lithium, the hypothermia normally produced by pentobarbital disappears, which perhaps indicates an anticipatory response to the greater hypothermia produced by lithium.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate conditioning with pentobarbital as a conditioned stimulus and amphetamine as an unconditioned stimulus.

Revusky¹,

Davey²,

Zagorski³

1989

Behavioral Neuroscience

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Pentobarbital was injected into rats 20 min after they were placed in an apparatus where heart rates were recorded. Amphetamine was injected after they were removed from the apparatus 29-30 min later. A Pavlovian conditioned response (CR) began after three or four such trials in the form of a failure of conditioned rats to show the same decline in heart rate obtained in controls after the pentobarbital injection. On later trials, the amphetamine was not injected until 50 min after the pentobarbital, and the CR was most obvious during the period 30-50 min after the pentobarbital injection, an effect characteristic of Pavlovian delay conditioning. The pharmacological effects of pentobarbital were necessary for conditioning because the CR was not obtained (a) when normal saline was substituted for the pentobarbital after successful conditioning or (b) when saline was used instead of pentobarbital throughout. Because of the speed and effectiveness of the conditioning, we believe the mechanism responsible for it has homeostatic regulation as its natural role. It was puzzling that environmental cues seemed to have a role in the conditioned stimulus complex, because conditioning was not apparent when the drug-drug pairings were administered in the home cage.

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“…For example, Taukulis (18) described the results of an experiment in which atropine sulfate was routinely injected prior to pentobarbital. Tolerance to the hypothermic effect of barbiturate was much more pronounced when Ethanol tolerance and associative learning www.bjournal.com.br atropine was injected first than in the absence of this anti-cholinergic signal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The time course of ethanol tolerance: associative learning

Bueno¹,

Fachini²

2007

Braz J Med Biol Res

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The effect of different contextual stimuli on different ethanol-induced internal states was investigated during the time course of both the hypothermic effect of the drug and of drug tolerance. Minimitters were surgically implanted in 16 Wistar rats to assess changes in their body temperature under the effect of ethanol. Rat groups were submitted to ethanol or saline trials every other day. The animals were divided into two groups, one receiving a constant dose (CD) of ethanol injected intraperitoneally, and the other receiving increasing doses (ID) during the 10 training sessions. During the ethanol training sessions, conditioned stimuli A (tone) and B (buzzer) were presented at "state +" (35 min after drug injection) and "state -" (170 min after drug injection), respectively. Conditioned stimuli C (bip) and D (white noise) were presented at moments equivalent to stimuli A and B, respectively, but during the saline training sessions. All stimuli lasted 15 min. The CD group, but not the ID group, developed tolerance to the hypothermic effect of ethanol. Stimulus A (associated with drug "state +") induced hyperthermia with saline injection in the ID group. Stimulus B (associated with drug "state -") reduced ethanol tolerance in the CD group and modulated the hypothermic effect of the drug in the ID group. These results indicate that contextual stimuli acquire modulatory conditioned properties that are associated with the time course of both the action of the drug and the development of drug tolerance. Correspondence

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Conditional hyperthermia in response to atropine associated with a hypothermic drug

Cited by 21 publications

References 17 publications

Conditional immunomodulation following training with cyclophosphamide.

Conditional immunomodulation following training with cyclophosphamide.

Heart rate conditioning with pentobarbital as a conditioned stimulus and amphetamine as an unconditioned stimulus.

The time course of ethanol tolerance: associative learning

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