2010
DOI: 10.1037/a0017412
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Conditional reasoning in autism: Activation and integration of knowledge and belief.

Abstract: Everyday conditional reasoning is typically influenced by prior knowledge and belief in the form of specific exceptions known as counterexamples. This study explored whether adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD; N = 26) were less influenced by background knowledge than typically developing adolescents (N = 38) when engaged in conditional reasoning. Participants were presented with pretested valid and invalid conditional inferences with varying available counterexamples. The group with ASD showed sign… Show more

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Cited by 32 publications
(57 citation statements)
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“…Although these abilities show improvement into young adulthood (Berger et al, 2003;Luna et al, 2007), nevertheless, adults with ASD continue to fare best with predictability and may not know how to apply exceptions to rules (Pijnacker et al, 2009) during independent living. They tend to experience difficulties making valid inferences from prior knowledge (McKenzie et al, 2010;Bowler, et al, 2008), and thinking flexibly. They also may not understand the gist of things and instead attend to details, or when they have the opportunity, take longer to gather and choose between information before making confident decisions (Johnson et al, 2010;Yechiam et al, 2010).…”
Section: Wwwintechopencommentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although these abilities show improvement into young adulthood (Berger et al, 2003;Luna et al, 2007), nevertheless, adults with ASD continue to fare best with predictability and may not know how to apply exceptions to rules (Pijnacker et al, 2009) during independent living. They tend to experience difficulties making valid inferences from prior knowledge (McKenzie et al, 2010;Bowler, et al, 2008), and thinking flexibly. They also may not understand the gist of things and instead attend to details, or when they have the opportunity, take longer to gather and choose between information before making confident decisions (Johnson et al, 2010;Yechiam et al, 2010).…”
Section: Wwwintechopencommentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Lo que verdaderamente nos interesa en estas páginas del trabajo de McKenzie et al (2010) es que es posible interpretar, atendiendo a los resultados de uno de sus experimentos, que las personas consideradas como autistas incurren en una falacia lógica, la falacia de la afirmación del consecuente, en mayor medida que la población general. Este hecho puede parecer inconsistente con lo expresado más arriba con respecto a trabajos anteriores que han valorado las capacidades lógicas de los individuos incluidos en el espectro autista, puesto que, si el razonamiento lógico en los autistas es el adecuado, no deberían cometer esta falacia con mayor frecuencia que las personas no autistas.…”
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“…Nosotros vamos a defender en este trabajo que los resultados de McKenzie et al, verdaderamente, no nos autorizan a afirmar que la población con autismo comete más errores lógicos que los individuos no autistas --de hecho, ni siquiera McKenzie et al (2010) interpretan sus resultados de este modo--y que lo único que revelan es, en una línea similar a lo que se sostiene en López Astorga (2010)(2011), que los autistas procesan las instrucciones de los ejercicios de otra manera, quizás, con mayor literalidad (lo cual es consistente con las descripciones habituales del autismo).…”
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