Conditional survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Fuller, Clifton D.; Wang, Samuel J.; Thomas, Charles R.; Hoffman, Henry T.; Weber, Randal S.; Rosenthal, David I.

doi:10.1002/cncr.22563

Cited by 123 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…These estimates are clinically helpful and have not been reported previously for osteosarcoma or Ewing's sarcoma, although they have for some other common malignancies, including ovarian, brain, squamous cell, breast, pancreatic, lung, melanoma, bladder, gastric, and rectal cancers [5,6,11,15,17,20,21,27,[29][30][31]. In an analysis of high-grade osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma in patients younger than 40 years at the time of diagnosis in the SEER database from 1973 to 2009, we found continual improvement in 5-year conditional survival rates with each successive year of survival after diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Knowledge like this benefits patients and providers by allowing for a more informative discussion regarding the current disease state and prognostic risk assessment [14]. A changing conditional survival also may guide clinical decision making in terms of timing of cancer surveillance and the need for long-term monitoring [4,11,27]. To our knowledge, no previous study has attempted to define the conditional survival of osteosarcoma or Ewing's sarcoma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conditional Survival Is Greater Than Overall Survival at Diagnosis in Patients With Osteosarcoma and Ewing’s Sarcoma

Miller

Lynch

Buckwalter

2013

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background Conditional survival is a measure of the risk of mortality given that a patient has survived a defined period of time. These estimates are clinically helpful, but have not been reported previously for osteosarcoma or Ewing's sarcoma. Questions/purposes We determined the conditional survival of patients with osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma given survival of 1 or more years. Methods We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program database to investigate cases of osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma in patients younger than 40 years from 1973 to 2009. The SEER Program is managed by the National Cancer Institute and provides survival data gathered from population-based cancer registries. We used an actuarial life table analysis to determine any cancer cause-specific 5-year survival estimates conditional on 1 to 5 years of survival after diagnosis. We performed a similar analysis to determine 20-year survival from the time of diagnosis. Results The estimated 5-year survival improved each year after diagnosis. For local/regional osteosarcoma, the 5-year survival improved from 74.8% at baseline to 91.4% at 5 years-meaning that if a patient with localized osteosarcoma lives for 5 years, the chance of living for another 5 years is 91.4%. Similarly, the 5-year survivals for local/regional Ewing's sarcoma improved from 72.9% at baseline to 92.5% at 5 years, for metastatic osteosarcoma 35.5% at baseline to 85.4% at 5 years, and for metastatic Ewing's sarcoma 31.7% at baseline to 83.6% at 5 years. The likelihood of 20-year cause-specific survival from the time of diagnosis in osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma was almost 90% or greater after 10 years of survival, suggesting that while most patients will remain disease-free indefinitely, some experience cancerrelated complications years after presumed eradication. Conclusions The 5-year survival estimates of osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma improve with each additional year of patient survival. Knowledge of a changing risk profile is useful in counseling patients with time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditional Survival Is Greater Than Overall Survival at Diagnosis in Patients With Osteosarcoma and Ewing’s Sarcoma

Miller

Lynch

Buckwalter

2013

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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“…Conditional survival has been extensively studied for numerous malignancies [5,6,8,15,33]; however, only a few studies have focused on bone sarcoma, including osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, and chondrosarcoma [10,30]. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the conditional survival of sacral chordoma.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 98%

What Are the Conditional Survival and Functional Outcomes After Surgical Treatment of 115 Patients With Sacral Chordoma?

Guo

Yang

et al. 2017

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background Conditional survival is a measure of prognosis for patients who have already survived for a specific period of time; however, data on conditional survival after sacrectomy in patients with sacral chordoma are lacking. In addition, because sacral tumors are rare and heterogeneous, classifying them in a way that allows physicians to predict functional outcomes after sacrectomy remains a challenge. Questions/purposes (1) What is the overall survival and disease-free survival in patients treated by sacrectomy for chordoma? (2) What is the conditional survival probability and how do prognostic factors change over time in patients undergoing surgical resection for sacral chordoma? (3) What is the local recurrence rate after surgery, how was it treated, and what factors impact on local recurrence? (4) What is the postoperative motor, sensory, bowel, and bladder function by level of resection as determined by using a newly designed scoring method?Methods Between 2003 and 2012, our center treated 122 patients surgically for sacral chordoma. Of those, two died and five were lost before a minimum followup of 1 year was achieved, leaving 115 patients available for analysis in this retrospective study at a mean of 4.9 years (range, 1.3-10.8 years). Basically, single posterior or combined approaches were chosen based on the most cephalad extent of the tumor and resection level was normally at half or one sacral vertebrae above the tumor. The 5-year conditional survival rate was calculated based on Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. The effect of prognostic factors on conditional survival was also explored. A newly designed score method was proposed and adopted in the current study to critically evaluate the functional outcome after resection of the sacrum. Inter-and intraobserver reliability was tested by a preliminary study using kappa statistics and Spearman rank correlation coefficients. Significant interobserver (p\0.01) and intraobserver agreement (j[0.75) were found in nine items between each observer. Results The estimated 5-year overall survival rate was 81% (95% confidence interval [CI], 72%-90%) at diagnosis. The 5-year disease-free survival rate was 52% (95% CI, 43%-63%). The 5-year conditional overall survival decreased with each additional year in the first 4 years (81% at diagnosis versus 60% at the fourth year, p \ 0.0001) and increased slightly in the fifth year. Patients with adequate surgical margins displayed a higher 5-year survival than those with an inadequate margin (86% [95% CI, 76%-95%] versus 67% [95% CI, 48%-85%], p = 0.01) at diagnosis. Conditional survival estimates for patients who received operations elsewhere were lower than that of newly diagnosed patients treated by us at diagnosis (64% [95% CI, 46%-83%] versus 90% [95% CI, 82%-99%], p = 0.012), but with the numbers we had, we could not detect a difference in conditional survival between those treated elsewhere first compared with those initially treated by us at 5 years. The proposed score system for function evaluation was a...

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“…Most of the previously published studies on the condi-tional survival probability of cancer patients have focused on one or a few cancer sites [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Some of these studies have determined that conditional survival rates tend to equilibrate over time [3,12,13], some have identified age as the most important prognostic factor [7,10], and a string of studies has focused on the substantial gains in conditional survival estimates for patients with distant stage cancer who survive Ͼ1 year [4,5,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditional Survival Among Cancer Patients in the United States

2010

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Purpose. To report 5-year relative cancer survival probabilities conditional on having already survived >1 years after the initial diagnosis for 11 cancer sites, diagnosed during 1990 -2001 and followed through 2006.Methods. Analyses are based on 1,151,496 cancer cases in population-based cancer registries in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute.Results. The 5-year relative conditional survival probability tended to improve with each year already survived. Improvement was greatest for more lethal cancers (e.g., lung or pancreas) and for cases with a more advanced stage at diagnosis. The 5-year relative survival probability conditional on already having survived 5 years exceeded 90% for locally staged prostate cancer, melanoma (whites only), breast cancer (females only), corpus uteri cancer, urinary bladder cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma, rectal cancer, colon cancer, ovary cancer, and pancreatic cancer. Only lung cancer did not reach 90%. For these cancer sites combined, 5-year relative survival probability conditional on already having survived 5 years averaged about 85% for regionally staged disease, 68% for distant staged disease, and 87% for unknown staged disease. The 5-year relative conditional survival probability tended to be significantly lower among patients diagnosed at older ages, among males, among nonwhites, and among those diagnosed during 1990 -1995 compared with later years.Conclusion. Conditional survival probability estimation provides further useful prognostic information to cancer patients, tailored to the time already survived since diagnosis. The Oncologist 2010;15:873-882

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Conditional survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Cited by 123 publications

References 33 publications

Conditional Survival Is Greater Than Overall Survival at Diagnosis in Patients With Osteosarcoma and Ewing’s Sarcoma

Conditional Survival Is Greater Than Overall Survival at Diagnosis in Patients With Osteosarcoma and Ewing’s Sarcoma

What Are the Conditional Survival and Functional Outcomes After Surgical Treatment of 115 Patients With Sacral Chordoma?

Conditional Survival Among Cancer Patients in the United States

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