Conditioned inhibition of emotional responses: Retardation and summation with cues for IAPS outcomes

Thurston, Meghan Dory; Cassaday, Helen J.

doi:10.1016/j.lmot.2015.10.002

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Observing such a phenomenon would be sufficient to certify that an antagonistic tendency has developed, thus discounting the need to employ summation and retardation techniques. A study by Thurston and Cassaday (2015) demonstrated conditioned inhibition using this method. The evaluative conditioning paradigm employed by these authors was successful in promoting conditioned inhibition in the aversive domain, yet underpowered to do so in the appetitive domain.…”

Section: Conditioned Inhibition: the Cumulative Effect Of Inhibitory ...mentioning

confidence: 95%

Conditioned inhibition, inhibitory learning, response inhibition, and inhibitory control: Outlining a conceptual clarification.

Sosa¹

2024

Psychological Review

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Inhibition can be defined as a phenomenon in which an agent prevents or suppresses a behavioral state that would otherwise occur. Associative learning studies have extensively examined how experiences shape the acquisition of inhibitory behavioral tendencies across many species and situations. Associative inhibitory phenomena can be studied at various levels of analysis. One could focus on the trajectory of behavioral change involved in learning from negative statistical associations between discrete events (inhibitory learning). Alternatively, one could be interested in the effects of accumulated experience with those negative associations (conditioned inhibition). One could rather be interested in how organisms implement what they learn through experiences involving negative associations (response inhibition). Yet one could inquire into how the capacity of learning negative associations and performing accordingly varies between individuals and along time for the same individual (inhibitory control). This paper presents a tentative taxonomy addressing different levels of analysis of associative inhibitory phenomena by using different terms for each. In addition, recent evidence and certain unresolved issues at each level are thoroughly scrutinized and contrasted with prior findings. The empirical and theoretical advances made by modeling inhibition as an associative learning phenomenon have provided scaffolds for the current knowledge and emerging accounts of the topic. Some of those emerging accounts have the potential to bridge different levels of analysis and foster "cross-pollination" of ideas among broad fields beyond associative learning.

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Section: Conditioned Inhibition: the Cumulative Effect Of Inhibitory ...mentioning

confidence: 95%

Conditioned inhibition, inhibitory learning, response inhibition, and inhibitory control: Outlining a conceptual clarification.

Sosa¹

2024

Psychological Review

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“…For the sake of this study, the motivational factors were grouped into dissatisfiers and satisfiers. Dissatisfiers included aspects such as working conditions, salary and benefits and supervision, whilst satisfiers included recognition, responsibility, interesting work, growth, challenging work, achievement and continuous learning (Thurston, 2013).…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do job characteristics influence the motivation of millennial hospitality employees?

Seqhobane

Kokt

2021

SA Journal of Human Resource Management

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Research approach/design: The study employed a quantitative research approach. A structured questionnaire was administered to 96 millennial hospitality employees using QuestionPro. Targeted snowball sampling was used to identify respondents. Partial least squares (PLS) structured equation modelling (SEM) was applied to determine the relationship between the variables. Main findings:The empirical findings revealed a positive relationship amongst task variety, task significance and feedback towards motivation, but a negative relationship between autonomy and task identity towards motivation.Practical/managerial implications: Prospective hospitality employees need to be well informed about the challenges of working in the hospitality industry.Contribution/value added: Autonomy and task identity emerged as factors that do not contribute to the motivation of hospitality employees. Millennial hospitality employees were, however, motivated by task significance, task variety and feedback.

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“…The two test method to confirm conditioned inhibition (by both summation and retardation tests) has been widely adopted in animal studies, but has been harder to implement in human studies. In human studies, there have been some reports of conditioned inhibition confirmed by summation test ( He et al, 2013 ; Heym et al, 2014 ; Thurston and Cassaday, 2015 ) but these have been relatively few ( Sosa and dos Santos, 2019 ; Sosa and Ramίrez, 2019 ). Indeed, it has been argued that studies of feature negative inhibitory discrimination learning of the kind typically used to successfully demonstrate conditioned inhibition, but which do not include (or do not subsequently pass) the formal tests to confirm conditioned inhibition should also be considered ( Sosa and dos Santos, 2019 ; Sosa and Ramίrez, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Learning in Anxiety, Pavlovian Conditioned Inhibition and COVID Concerns

Thurston

Cassaday

2022

Front. Psychol.

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Experimental studies of fear conditioning have identified the effectiveness of safety signals in inhibiting fear and maintaining fear-motivated behaviors. In fear conditioning procedures, the presence of safety signals means that the otherwise expected feared outcome will not now occur. Differences in the inhibitory learning processes needed to learn safety are being identified in various psychological and psychiatric conditions. However, despite early theoretical interest, the role of conditioned inhibitors as safety signals in anxiety has been under-investigated to date, in part because of the stringent test procedures required to confirm the demonstration of conditioned inhibition as such. Nonetheless, the theoretical implications of an inhibitory learning perspective continue to influence clinical practice. Moreover, our understanding of safety signals is of additional importance in the context of the increased health anxiety and safety behaviors generated by the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Conditioned inhibition of emotional responses: Retardation and summation with cues for IAPS outcomes

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

Conditioned inhibition, inhibitory learning, response inhibition, and inhibitory control: Outlining a conceptual clarification.

Conditioned inhibition, inhibitory learning, response inhibition, and inhibitory control: Outlining a conceptual clarification.

How do job characteristics influence the motivation of millennial hospitality employees?

Safety Learning in Anxiety, Pavlovian Conditioned Inhibition and COVID Concerns

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