Conditioning of excess activated sludge by freezing and thawing process

Ide, Tetsuo; Kawasaki, Kenji; Yamashiro, Hirotaka; Matsuda, Akira

doi:10.2965/jswe1978.10.180

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…For activated sludges, the freezing speed investigated in available literature ranges from 0.6 to 8 µm/s (6,9,(13)(14)(15)(16), or 11 µm/s (24). Most of these experimental results are thus typical of type II floc characteristics.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Freeze/thaw treatment, an effective sludge dewatering technique, has received extensive attention ( − ). Employing freeze/thaw treatment can significantly improve certain sludge dewatering characteristics, irreversibly transform the floc structure into a more compact form (e.g., see ref ), and reduce the corresponding bound-water content ( 14 − 16 , 21 , 24 , 25 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unidirectional Freezing of Waste-Activated Sludges: Effects of Freezing Speed

Hung

Chang

Lin

et al. 1996

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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In this work, we employ unidirectional freezing of waste-activated sludge to investigate the effects of freezing speed on the sludge performance including filterability, zone settling, and floc density versus size relationships. With a high freezing speed, no global particle migration occurs, but the sludge filterability is markedly improved. However, the floc density and the floc morphology are only slightly changed; therefore, the zone settling characteristics are those of the original sludge. With a low freezing speed, however, global particle migration occurs. Consequently, both the sludge filterability and settleability are enhanced. The floc density and the morphology are changed significantly. With an intermediate freezing speed, a gradual transition of sludge characteristics occurs between the two extremes, resulting from an average behavior of the constituting flocs. No precise definition for the critical freezing speed can thereby be defined. If improvement of sludge filterability is the only concern, a high freezing speed is acceptable. Furthermore, a low freezing speed is necessary if both sludge settleability and bound-water content must be changed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unidirectional Freezing of Waste-Activated Sludges: Effects of Freezing Speed

Hung

Chang

Lin

et al. 1996

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Freeze/thaw processes have been investigated extensively (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). It is found that this physical process can significantly improve certain sludge dewatering characteristics and change the floe structure, usually irreversibly, into a more compact form (e.g.,seeref25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%