Condom Usage Negotiation Among Customarily Married Women in Katlehong, Johannesburg

Abstract

South Africa has the highest number of HIV-infected people in the Southern African Region, and of great concern is the fact that cases of new infections among young people, especially young women and girls, are on the increase. The prevalence of HIV and deaths caused by AIDS are still on the increase, whereas condom use, particularly in rural areas, remains low. Consistent condom use is central to the prevention of unwanted pregnancies, HIV, and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs); yet, young men and women alike are hesitant to use condoms because of threats to their relationships, cultural roles, and, at times, economic survival. This study explored the views of customarily married housewives regarding condom use negotiation with their husbands. The findings point toward the need to empower women while they are still young so that they can be assertive, financially independent, and able to make their own decisions with regard to their sexuality.

Association of intimate partner violence and other risk factors with HIV infection among married women in India: evidence from National Family Health Survey 2015–16

“…A couple of studies have conducted an objective assessment of HIV infection in examining associations of IPV within voluntary counselling and STI clinics with women's HIV infection and have revealed that HIV infection among women was elevated by experiencing violence from their partners [27,28]. Similarly, some qualitative studies have illustrated how an inability to negotiate for a safer sex in HIVnegative individuals result in their increased risk of HIV infection by experiencing IPV [29][30][31][32]. Chin (2013) in his study using a set of nationally representative data in sub-Saharan Africa shows how the risk of domestic violence is affected by exogeneous increase in HIV prevalence among women in a cluster.…”

Determining the level of condom use and associated factors among married people in Tshwane District of South Africa

“…Others attribute the low prevalence of condom use to neglect of this group in the promotion of consistent condom use [ 10 ]. In some studies that were conducted in South Africa, marriage was found to be a barrier to condom use, which may relate to the desire of the couples to have children, making negotiating condom use difficult [ 11 , 12 ]. Studies reporting a low prevalence of condom use among married couples include one that was conducted among married and cohabiting women in South Africa.…”

Association of Intimate Partner Violence and Other Risk Factors With HIV Infection Among Married Women in India: Evidence From National Family Health Survey 2015-16

“…A number of studies that have incorporated a diagnostic testing of HIV infection while examining the associations of HIV infection with IPV among women within voluntary testing or STI clinics, have demonstrated an elevated HIV infection among women who have experienced violence from partners (Chandrasekaran, Krupp, George, & Madhivanan, 2007;Fonck, Els, Kidula, Ndinya-achola, & Temmerman, 2005). Data from qualitative studies illustrate how an HIV-negative person experiencing IPV may be at increased risk of HIV infection because of an inability to negotiate safer sex (Dube, Nkomo, & Khosa, 2017;Go et al, 2003;Karamagi, Tumwine, Tylleskar, & Heggenhougen, 2006;Stevens & Richards, 1998). Chin (2013) in his study in sub-Saharan Africa found that the HIV epidemic can affect the risk of spousal violence in ways other than as a direct stressor.…”