Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder in a national sample: developmental epidemiology

Maughan, Barbara; Rowe, Richard; Messer, Julie; Goodman, Robert; Meltzer, Howard

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00250.x

Cited by 622 publications

(561 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Only boys were included because DBD is more prevalent among boys than girls (Maughan et al, 2004). The DBD group consisted of 8-12-year-old boys who had met the criteria for ODD (n = 21) or CD (n = 4) as set out in DSM-IV (American Psychiatric Association, 1994).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial EMG responses to dynamic emotional facial expressions in boys with disruptive behavior disorders

Wied

Boxtel

Zaalberg

et al. 2006

Journal of Psychiatric Research

110

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Based on the assumption that facial mimicry is a key factor in emotional empathy, and clinical observations that children with disruptive behavior disorders (DBD) are weak empathizers, the present study explored whether DBD boys are less facially responsive to facial expressions of emotions than normal controls. Facial electromyographic (EMG) activity in the zygomaticus major and corrugator supercilii muscle regions, and heart rate activity were studied in 22 clinically referred 8-12-year-old DBD boys and 22 age-matched normal controls during exposure to dynamic happy and angry expressions. Dispositional emotional empathy was assessed by a self-report questionnaire for children. The happy and angry facial expressions evoked distinct facial EMG response patterns, with increased zygomaticus muscle activity to happy expressions and increased corrugator muscle activity to angry expressions. The corrugator (but not the zygomaticus) muscle response pattern was less pronounced for DBD boys than the normal controls. Attending to the emotional expressions was associated with equivalent cardiac deceleration in both groups, reflecting a similar orienting/attention response. Lower empathy scores were obtained for DBD boys than for normal controls. In conclusion, facial mimicry responses to angry facial expressions were subnormal in DBD boys, which may be a sign of a deficient early component in the process of emotional empathy, and thus play a role in impaired empathic responding.

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Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial EMG responses to dynamic emotional facial expressions in boys with disruptive behavior disorders

Wied

Boxtel

Zaalberg

et al. 2006

Journal of Psychiatric Research

110

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“…13,14 In child and adolescent psychiatric epidemiology, it is well established that boys have more externalizing disorders (hyperactivity, conduct disorder, aggressive, and antisocial behavior) and girls tend to have more internalizing disorders (depression, anxiety, somatization, and lower self-esteem). 34,35 Although girls described themselves as having a worse QOL than boys, female gender was actually associated with better mental health and better school performance. The fact that girls have presented more emotional symptoms, which are subjectively perceived, and boys have more conduct problems, which frequently are not noticed by them, may be a factor of this incongruence between perceived QOL and actual profiles in mental health screening and school performance.…”

Section: Qol Gender and Mental Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health and quality of life in pre- and early adolescents: a school-based study in two contrasting urban areas

Cucchiaro

Dalgalarrondo

2007

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Mental health and quality of life in pre-and early adolescents: a school-based study in two contrasting urban areas Saúde mental e qualidade de vida em adolescentes: um estudo entre escolares em duas áreas urbanas contrastantes A b s t r a c t Objective: To estimate the prevalence of mental health problems and to assess the quality of life in pre-and early adolescents living in two contrasting urban areas in Brazil, as well as to identify the impact of demographic factors on mental health, quality of life and school performance. Method: Using school samples, the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire and the Quality of Life Inventory were administered to 424 (52%) boys and 387 (48%) girls (mean age 12.6 ± 1.3 years) in better-off central and poorer outer-city areas. Results: In the total sample, the prevalence of probable psychiatric cases was 10.1% (n = 77). There were no significant differences in the overall prevalence of behavior problems or global quality of life between central and outercity areas. However, boys from the outer-city had a higher prevalence of conduct problems (12% vs. 6.2%, p = 0.04), although girls did not differ significantly on any measure. In general, factors associated with poorer mental health were: having no religion, divorced parents, and being male. Conclusion: Living in the poorer outer-city was not associated with worse mental health or quality of life in this sample. This is in contrast with the findings of some other studies, and possible protective factors such as female gender and religion are discussed. Descriptors: Adolescent health; Mental disorders; Poverty; Gender identity; ReligionResumo Objetivo: estimar a prevalência de problemas de saúde mental e estudar a qualidade de vida em adolescentes de duas áreas urbanas contrastantes no Brasil. Além disso, identificar o impacto de fatores demográficos sobre a saúde mental, qualidade de vida e rendimento escolar. Método: Numa amostra de estudantes foram aplicados o Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire e o Inventário de Qualidade de Vida em 424 (52%) garotos e 387 (48%) garotas (idade média 12,6 ± 1,3 anos) de regiões centrais e da periferia da cidade. Resultados: Na amostra total, a prevalência de algum provável problema mental foi de 10,1% (n = 77). Comparando centro e periferia, não foram encontradas diferenças significativas na prevalência de algum problema mental e qualidade de vida global. Entretanto, os meninos da periferia apresentaram significativamente mais problemas de conduta (12% vs. 6.2%, p = 0.04), enquanto as meninas das duas regiões não diferiram quanto à saúde mental e rendimento escolar. Os fatores associados a uma pior saúde mental foram: não ter religião, ter os pais divorciados e ser do gênero masculino. Conclusão: Viver na periferia não foi associado a uma pior saúde mental e qualidade de vida nesta amostra. Isso contrasta com os achados de outros estudos e fatores de proteção, como gênero feminino e religião, são discutidos.

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“…depression) and externalizing disorders (e.g. conduct disorder, and callous‐unemotional traits) (Angold, Costello, & Erkanli, 1999; Loeber, Green, Keenan, & Lahey, 1995; Maughan, Rowe, Messer, Goodman, & Meltzer, 2004). Partly due to the fact that Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) predicts to such a wide range of adjustment difficulties in children, the DSM 5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) has suggested a distinction among irritable, headstrong, and hurtful ODD dimensions, as these dimensions appear to associate with distinct outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathways from maternal depressive symptoms to adolescent depressive symptoms: the unique contribution of irritability symptoms

Whelan

Leibenluft

Stringaris

et al. 2015

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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BackgroundThe authors tested three possible pathways linking prenatal maternal depressive symptoms to adolescent depressive symptoms. These pathways went through childhood Irritability Symptoms, Anxiety/Depressive Symptoms or Conduct Problems.MethodData were collected from 3,963 mother–child pairs participating in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Measures include maternal depressive symptoms (pre‐ and postnatal); toddler temperament (2 years); childhood (7–13 years) irritability symptoms, anxiety/depressive symptoms, conduct problems, and adolescent depressive symptoms (16 years).Results Irritability Symptoms: This pathway linked sequentially – prenatal maternal depressive symptoms, toddler temperament (high perceived intensity and low perceived adaptability), childhood irritability symptoms, and adolescent depressive symptoms. Anxiety/Depressive symptoms: This pathway linked sequentially – prenatal maternal depressive symptoms, toddler temperament (negative perceived mood), childhood anxiety/depressive symptoms, and adolescent depressive symptoms. Childhood conduct problems were not associated with adolescent depressive symptoms, above and beyond irritability symptoms and anxiety/depressive symptoms.ConclusionsResults suggest evidence for two distinct developmental pathways to adolescent depressive symptoms that involve specific early and midchildhood features.

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Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder in a national sample: developmental epidemiology

Abstract: Results from this large-scale study confirm and extend previous findings in the epidemiology of the disruptive behaviour disorders.

Cited by 622 publications

References 26 publications

Facial EMG responses to dynamic emotional facial expressions in boys with disruptive behavior disorders

Facial EMG responses to dynamic emotional facial expressions in boys with disruptive behavior disorders

Mental health and quality of life in pre- and early adolescents: a school-based study in two contrasting urban areas

Pathways from maternal depressive symptoms to adolescent depressive symptoms: the unique contribution of irritability symptoms

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