Conduct Disorder Subtype and Comorbidity

Connor, Daniel F.; Ford, Julián D.; Albert, David B.; Doerfler, Leonard A.

doi:10.1080/10401230701465269

Cited by 45 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…The presence of conduct disorder (CD) symptoms in children and adolescents is a cause of recurrent consultation to mental health services [2]. These symptoms have been consistently linked to increased risk of other mental disorders [3][4][5][6][7], delinquency [8] and juvenile mortality [9]. Children and adolescents with the diagnosis reported higher levels of stress than those with other disorders [10], high levels of functional impairment [11][12][13], and difficulties in social adaptation [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antisocial Behavior, Psychopathology and Functional Impairment: Association with Sex and Age in Clinical Children and Adolescents

Vera

Ezpeleta

Granero

et al. 2010

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev

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This study examined the prevalence, degree of association and differential effect, by sex and age, of conduct disorder symptoms on psychopathology and functioning. Participants included 680 Spanish children and adolescents between 8 and 17 years and their parents, attending to psychiatric outpatient consultation. Data were obtained through structured diagnostic interviews, and other measures of psychopathological outcomes and functional impairment. In general, the prevalence of antisocial behavior did not differ significantly by sex or age. Results indicated a higher frequency for 13-17 year olds, and a greater number of symptoms in boys. Moreover, some symptoms of conduct disorder showed developmental variations. Sex and age differentially affected the expression of some conduct disorder symptoms and their associations with functional impairment and severity of psychopathology. Knowing the different expression of each symptom could help to identify these problems in clinical children and adolescents, contributing to an early detection of population at the highest risk of serious psychopathology and worse prognosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antisocial Behavior, Psychopathology and Functional Impairment: Association with Sex and Age in Clinical Children and Adolescents

Vera

Ezpeleta

Granero

et al. 2010

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev

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“…The reverse comorbidity is also true. Up to 98% of clinically referred males with early onset CD also have ADHD [26].…”

Section: Prevalence With and Without Adhdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These behaviors fall into four main groupings: aggressive behaviors that cause harm or threaten harm to others, nonaggressive property destruction, covert aggressive behaviors of deceitfulness or theft, and rule violations. As currently defi ned, CD is a broad and heterogeneous diagnostic category that encompasses many diverse types of behaviors and vulnerabilities to different kinds of psychopathology [26]. Higher rates of comorbid CD are found in children and adolescents with ADHD than in control samples without ADHD.…”

Section: Prevalence With and Without Adhdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and comorbid oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder

Connor

Doerfler²

2009

Curr Atten Disord Rep

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Comorbid oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD) are common in clinically referred children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Early recognition and treatment of co-occurring ADHD and ODD and/or CD is important because comorbidity influences symptom severity, prognosis, and treatment. Research on treatment supports the importance of behavior therapies for ODD and multimodal psychosocial interventions delivered simultaneously and intensively for CD with adjunctive medication for ADHD symptoms. Clinical trials are beginning to show that stimulants and atomoxetine are effective for ADHD and ODD symptoms when the disorders occur together. It is presently unclear if ODD in the absence of ADHD responds to pharmacotherapy. More research is needed examining the effects of commonly prescribed ADHD medications on CD symptoms. Research suggests a high prevalence of lifetime comorbidity with ODD in clinically referred patients with ADHD

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“…Women with ASPD are arrested less frequently and for less serious offenses than their male counterparts (Lewis et al, 1991;Robins & Price, 1991;Zoccolillo & Rogers, 1991). While multiple studies have found a strong association between boys with CD and later criminality (Connor et al, 2007;Loeber, 1991), the trajectory of symptoms in girls has not been fully explored. One proposed pathway to adult criminal offending is a pattern of norm violations during teen years that escalates to offending in the context of substance abuse or association with deviant peers (Moffitt, 1993).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Childhood antecedents of adult violent offending in a group of female felons

Lewis

2010

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate potential antecedents of violent felony arrest in a sample of female felons. Among male populations, early onset conduct disorder (CD) with progression to adult anti-social personality disorder (ASPD) is associated with increased criminality and aggression. Conduct disorder is associated with a worsened trajectory of alcohol dependence in men. These factors likely have a synergistic contribution to male adult violent offending. Existing work suggests that CD, ASPD, and severe alcohol dependence may represent an externalizing endophenotype, which is, at least in part, genetically conferred. These associations have not been well studied in female populations. The author examined a sample (N = 130) of female mid-sentence felons to determine associations between adult arrest for violent felony with child and young adult antecedents, including CD and alcohol dependence. Data were gathered through administration of the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism II (SSAGA II). CD had high prevalence (40.8%), as did ASPD (31.4%) and alcohol dependence (43.8%). Women convicted of violent felonies were more likely to have CD with progression to ASPD, and alcohol dependence. Both alcohol dependence and CD were independently associated with violent offending. These data suggest that the most serious female offenders have psychopathology similar to that of males and that the trajectory of disease and etiology of violent behavior may not be as gender specific as previously presumed.

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Conduct Disorder Subtype and Comorbidity

Abstract: Understanding age-of-onset-related patterns of comorbidity may facilitate psychiatric treatment planning in children and adolescents with conduct disorder.

Cited by 45 publications

References 85 publications

Antisocial Behavior, Psychopathology and Functional Impairment: Association with Sex and Age in Clinical Children and Adolescents

Antisocial Behavior, Psychopathology and Functional Impairment: Association with Sex and Age in Clinical Children and Adolescents

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and comorbid oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder

Childhood antecedents of adult violent offending in a group of female felons

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