Conductance of Triisoamylbutylammonium and Tetraphenylboride Ions in Water at 25°<sup>1</sup>

Skinner, James F.; Fuoss, Raymond M.

doi:10.1021/j100789a037

Cited by 55 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…Expressions for c (x, t), the concentration at point * and time t within the unstirred layer, will be given in Appendix A for certain special cases. The aqueous diffusion coefficient D is known for TphB~ to be 5-2 x io~6 cm 2 /sec (Skinner & Fuoss, 1964) and is likely to be similar for the other ions discussed.…”

Section: The Model For the Conductance Of The Lipid-soluble Ionsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Ion transport across thin lipid membranes: a critical discussion of mechanisms in selected systems

Haydon

Hladky

1972

Quart. Rev. Biophys.

425

194

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There are now well-established examples of carriers and pores which facilitate the transfer of ions across thin lipid membranes. In the absence of such agents, lipid bilayer membranes are extremely impermeable to the common inorganic ions. Thus, the conductance of a pure lecithin + decane or glyceryl mono-oleate + decane membrane in M/10 NaCl is less than10−9Ω−1cm−2. However, on the addition of small lipid-soluble molecules such as valinomycin, or surface-active polypeptides such as gramicidin A, the conductance may become so high (> 10−1ω−lcm−2) that the resistance of the membrane merges into that of the aqueous phase. This review is concerned with the extent to which we now understand how these added substances transfer ions across lipid membranes. Attention has been concentrated on the simpler systems, i.e. the lipid-soluble ions, the 1–1 carriets, a simple pore and, with some loss of simplicity, a substance which prodeces interacting pores. Only molecules of known primary structure are discussed.

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Section: The Model For the Conductance Of The Lipid-soluble Ionsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Ion transport across thin lipid membranes: a critical discussion of mechanisms in selected systems

Haydon

Hladky

1972

Quart. Rev. Biophys.

425

194

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“…With the known diffusion coefficient of B(phenyl)2 in water, D=5.2 x 10 -6 cm 2 sec -~ (Skinner & Fuoss, 1964), the conductance after t=l sec is calculated from Eq. (34) to be 2.5 x 10 -8 ~q-1 cm-Z for c= 10-s M. This value is approximately equal to the static conductance reported by Liberman and Topaly (1969) and also found in our measurements (10-8 f~-i cm-2).…”

Section: Membrane Conductance As a Function Of Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport mechanism of hydrophobic ions through lipid bilayer membranes

1971

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Evidence is presented that the transport of lipid-soluble ions through bilayer membranes occurs in three distinct steps: (1) adsorption to the membranesolution interface; (2) passage over an activation barrier to the opposite interface; and (3) desorption into the aqueous solution. Support for this mechanism comes from a consideration of the potential energy of the ion, which has a minimum in the interface. The formal analysis of the model shows that the rate constants of the individual transport steps can be determined from the relaxation of the electric current after a sudden change in the voltage. Such relaxation experiments have been carried out with dipicrylamine and tetraphenylborate as permeable ions. In both cases the rate-determining step is the jump from the adsorption site into the aqueous phase. Furthermore, it has been found that with increasing ion concentration the membrane conductance goes through a maximum. In accordance with the model recently developed by L. J. Bruner, this behavior is explained by a saturation of the interface, which leads to a blocking of the conductance at high concentrations.

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“…3 where (q/qo -1 -Ac'I2)/c is plotted against c (15). The B, and D, coefficients are obtained from this plot though, for the present discussion, only B, is used (Table 3).6 The A, coefficients required to subtract the effect of the long-range coulombic forces on the viscosity (24) were calculated from the conductance data (24,28,29 solutions, k0.1 cm3 mol-'; in methanol solutions, + 1 cm3 mol-' ; 4; in aqueous solutions,…”

Section: " 4mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Stokes radii were taken from the literature as calculated from limiting ionic conductances (21,28,29). Most of the individual ionic values in aqueous solutions are collected on Fig.…”

Section: Ionic Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of Bu₄NBr, NaBPh₄, Ph₄PCl, and Ph₄AsCl in Water and Methanol at 25 °C: Partial Molal Volumes, Heat Capacities, and Viscosities

Jolicoeur¹,

Philip²,

Perron³

et al. 1972

Can. J. Chem.

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The apparent molal volumes (4,) and heat capacities (4,) of Bu4NBr, NaBPh,, Ph,PCI, and Ph,AsCI have been measured in water and methanol at 25 "C in the concentration range 0.0 1-0.2 M. The viscosity of aqueous NaBPh, and Ph,AsCI have also been measured at 25 "C and in the same concentration range. Individual ionic values have been estimated for most of these properties. A comparison of these values for the quaternary ions Bu,N+, BPh;, Ph4P+, Ph,As+ illustrates sizable differences in the solute-solvent interactions of alkyl and aryl substituted ions. Some specificity is also suggested in the solvation of the tetraphenyl ions, as shown by a comparison of the properties which should reflect directly the size of the ions (rStokes, Po, and B,) and also in ( H 2 0 + CH30H) transfer functions.Le volume apparent molaire (4,) et la capacite calorifique apparente molaire (4,) de Bu,NBr, NaBPh,, Ph4PCI, et Ph,AsCI ont it6 mesurts dans I'eau et dans le methanol a 25 "C, dans un domaine de concentration variant de 0.01 a 0.2 M. Egalement, la viscosite de solutions aqueuses de NaBPh, et Ph,AsCI a eti determinee. Pour la majorite de ces proprietes, des valeurs ioniques individuelles ont pu Stre estimees. La comparaison de ces valeurs pour les differents ions quaternaires met en evidence une difference significative entre les interactions solute-solvant des ions quaternaires, selon que les substituants sont aliphatiques ou aromatiques. Dans la serie BPh;, Ph,P+, et Ph,As+, une certaine specificit6 dans la solvatation est egalement apparente, particulierement dans les proprietis qui refletent directement la dimension des ions (rStokes. p. et B,) et dans les fonctions thermodynamiques de transfert (H,O + CH30H).

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Conductance of Triisoamylbutylammonium and Tetraphenylboride Ions in Water at 25°¹

Cited by 55 publications

References 3 publications

Ion transport across thin lipid membranes: a critical discussion of mechanisms in selected systems

Ion transport across thin lipid membranes: a critical discussion of mechanisms in selected systems

Transport mechanism of hydrophobic ions through lipid bilayer membranes

A Comparative Study of Bu₄NBr, NaBPh₄, Ph₄PCl, and Ph₄AsCl in Water and Methanol at 25 °C: Partial Molal Volumes, Heat Capacities, and Viscosities

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Conductance of Triisoamylbutylammonium and Tetraphenylboride Ions in Water at 25°1

Cited by 55 publications

References 3 publications

Ion transport across thin lipid membranes: a critical discussion of mechanisms in selected systems

Ion transport across thin lipid membranes: a critical discussion of mechanisms in selected systems

Transport mechanism of hydrophobic ions through lipid bilayer membranes

A Comparative Study of Bu4NBr, NaBPh4, Ph4PCl, and Ph4AsCl in Water and Methanol at 25 °C: Partial Molal Volumes, Heat Capacities, and Viscosities

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Conductance of Triisoamylbutylammonium and Tetraphenylboride Ions in Water at 25°¹

A Comparative Study of Bu₄NBr, NaBPh₄, Ph₄PCl, and Ph₄AsCl in Water and Methanol at 25 °C: Partial Molal Volumes, Heat Capacities, and Viscosities