Conducting polypyrrole nanotubes: a review

Stejskal, Jaroslav; Trchová, Miroslava

doi:10.1007/s11696-018-0394-x

Cited by 135 publications

(136 citation statements)

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“…Various models have been suggested in the literature to explain the growth of nanotubes. Most of them agree that some template is needed to start and/or to guide this type of morphology . Its role is discussed in the present report.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…The preliminary results indicate that the conductivity of polypyrrole is proportional to the specific surface area regardless of globular or nanotubular morphology . This does not mean, however, that the surface of polypyrrole objects is more conducting than their interior.…”

Section: Modification Of the Classical Synthesis Using Methyl Orangementioning

confidence: 89%

“…Conducting polymers such as polypyrrole or polyaniline can be produced in various morphologies, most often as globules, nanofibres or nanotubes . One‐dimensional polypyrrole nanostructures, however, are of special interest due to their superior conductivity approaching or even exceeding 100 S cm −1 . When used in composites, a one‐dimensional morphology is favourable for conduction because the percolation threshold can be reached at a lower volume fraction of the conducting component.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The typical conductivity of globular polypyrrole is close to 1 S cm −1 . Various additives have been tested to improve the conductivity and/or to modify the morphology of polypyrrole or both . In particular, organic dyes have been operative in this respect, but in an unpredictable manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] One-dimensional polypyrrole nanostructures, however, are of special interest due to their superior conductivity approaching or even exceeding 100 S cm −1 . 12,13 When used in composites, a one-dimensional morphology is favourable for conduction because the percolation threshold can be reached at a lower volume fraction of the conducting component. No direct link between the morphology of the conducting polymers and their conductivity has been revealed but, in the case of polypyrrole, the conductivity of nanotubes has usually been higher compared with globular forms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strategies towards the control of one‐dimensional polypyrrole nanomorphology and conductivity

Stejskal

2018

Polymer International

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Conducting polypyrrole nanotubes rank among the most conducting polymer materials and find applications in organic electronics and energy conversion devices. They are produced by the chemical oxidation of pyrrole in globular form, which converts to nanotubes or nanofibres in the presence of suitable templates and is often accompanied by a pronounced conductivity increase. This is illustrated by the anionic dye, methyl orange, where the template formation is based on azo–hydrazone tautomerism associated with hydrogen atom transfer caused by the acidity change. In other words, the soluble salt of the dye converts to an insoluble acid, and its one‐dimensional aggregates serve as a locus for the adsorption of pyrrole oligomers. This is followed by the growth of polypyrrole chains constituting the nanotube wall. Safranin, a cationic dye, produces a template by a completely different mechanism, the oxidative generation of insoluble safranin oligomers that perform with similar results. Other mechanisms of template formation are also proposed and discussed but mainly organic dyes have a significant potential to support the one‐dimensional growth of polypyrrole. The role of surfactants that affect the morphology of templates, and subsequently also of polypyrrole, is demonstrated. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Modification Of the Classical Synthesis Using Methyl Orangementioning

confidence: 89%