Conduction Aphasia as Initial Manifestation of Tuberculous Meningitis

García‐Grimshaw, Miguel; Gutiérrez-Manjarrez, Francisco Alejandro; González‐Duarte, Alejandra

doi:10.7759/cureus.2889

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A more recent paper describes a 24-year-old woman with lesions in the left parietal lobe, cerebellum, and arcuate fasciculus (Garcia-Grimshaw et al, 2018). She had no difficulty in comprehension or writing.…”

Section: Bacterial Meningoencephalitis: Mycobacterium Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some patients were evaluated in the acute stage (Garcia-Grimshaw et al, 2018), others shortly after treatment , yet others at 4-6 years from disease onset or treatment discontinuation (Barbarotto et al, 1996;Schmidt et al, 2006). The timing of language evaluation is relevant, as in the acute stage difficulties may not be due to the disruption of language-specific systems, rather, to delirium or confusion that reverses after treatment (Constantinides et al, 2018;Evoli et al, 2012;Fong et al, 2015;Kishi et al, 2010).…”

Section: Variability Of Assessment Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Language impairments and CNS infections: a review

2021

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Introduction: Infectious agents such as viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi, and arthropods can affect the meninges and/or the brain and trigger/relate to difficulties with language tasks. We reviewed the literature on language impairments in people with Central Nervous System (CNS) infections. Aims: To review published reports of CNS infections that trigger/ relate to difficulties with language tasks, to highlight the most commonly infectious agents, and to provide further grounds to study this topic. Methods: PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, and Web of Science records were examined. Search strings with 70 infection terms and the words aphasia, fluency, language, naming, reading, and writing were used. The reference section and the citations of each study were examined. The type of infection, infectious agent, number of patients, neurological damage, language tests administered, and main findings were noted for each article meeting the inclusion criteria. Results: We found 41 articles published in the last 45 years. Half of the reports were single case (series) and the other half group studies. Infections with 18 agents were detected as triggering/ related to difficulties with language tasks. Bacterial meningitis, Herpes Simplex Encephalitis (HSV), and HIV were most commonly reported. Reports of English-speaking patients were most common (46%) followed by other languages spoken in the Western world. Damage to specific cortico-subcortical areas is indicated in half of the studies. Most reports presented cases with diffuse or focal bilateral damage affecting the frontal or temporal lobes. Discussion and conclusion: The current literature is heterogeneous regarding assessment times and language protocols. There is a tendency towards testing language production and administering tests that assess severe language damage. HSV reports use the most in-depth language protocols, probably because of the specific impairments triggered by this disease due to damage to the temporal lobes. Further work may focus on understanding mild language impairments; less explored brain infections, language domains, and modalities (e.g., written/spoken comprehension); risk factors, and impact of co-occurring conditions; and how CNS ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Bacterial Meningoencephalitis: Mycobacterium Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Variability Of Assessment Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Language impairments and CNS infections: a review

2021

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“…Schutz recorded the early documentation of an instance of aphasia caused by tuberculous meningitis (TBM) in 1881. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is still a common central nervous system infection source, causing a broad spectrum of clinical symptoms [1]. Aphasia occurs when an injury to a cortical language centre induces a loss of language understanding or formulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Early Rehabilitation in Better Outcomes in a Rare Presentation of Tuberculous Meningitis With Broca’s Aphasia

Burile,

Harjpal,

Arya

et al. 2024

Cureus

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There is a complex link between tuberculous meningitis (TBM) and aphasia, in which a language impairment is caused by an injury to the cortical language centre. The parts of the brain that function for speech and language production are the Wernicke's, Broca's, and arcuate fasciculus regions. This case report mainly highlights the neurological consequences of TBM, and how it affects language and speech functioning. It outlines a comprehensive physiotherapy rehabilitation program that targets a range of issues for the patient, such as verbal output, weakness, motor deficits, articulation issues in speech, and coordination issues. Various treatment modalities can help correct weakness, improve balance and coordination, increase flexibility and range of motion (ROM), and make speech more fluent. The case report emphasizes the necessity of using an integrated approach that combines speech-language therapy (SLT), melodic intonation therapy (MIT), constraint-induced aphasia therapy (CIAT), medication treatments, and physical therapy to address the multifaceted impacts of TBM-induced aphasia on a patient's quality of life (QOL).

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Conduction Aphasia as Initial Manifestation of Tuberculous Meningitis

Cited by 2 publications

References 6 publications

Language impairments and CNS infections: a review

Language impairments and CNS infections: a review

The Role of Early Rehabilitation in Better Outcomes in a Rare Presentation of Tuberculous Meningitis With Broca’s Aphasia

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